Puzur-Inshushinak

Puzur-Inshushinak
𒅤𒊭𒀭𒈹𒂞
Governor of Susa
Military Governor of Elam
King of Elam
Statue of Puzur-Inshushinak (lower half of seated ruler) with inscription in his name and victories, particularly over the king of Shimashki.[1]
Reign2200 BCE (mid chr.)
2100 BCE (low chr.)
PredecessorKhita
DynastyKings of Elam
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Kutik-Inshushinak ruled from Susa
𒅤𒊭𒀭𒈹𒂞 𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒈹𒂞𒆠 𒄊𒀴 𒈣𒋾 𒉏𒆠
puzur-inshushinak ensi shushiki skakkanakku mati NIMki
"Puzur-Inshushinak, Ensi of Susa and Shakkanakku of Elam"
"Table au Lion", Louvre Museum[2]

Puzur-Inshushinak (Linear Elamite: Puzur Sušinak; Akkadian: 𒌋𒌋𒀭𒈹𒂞, puzur3-dinšušinak, also 𒅤𒊭𒀭𒈹𒂞, puzur4-dinšušinak "Calling Inshushinak"), also sometimes thought to read Kutik-Inshushinak in Elamite,[3] was king of Elam, around 2100 BC,[4] and the last from the Awan dynasty according to the Susa kinglist.[5] He mentions his father's name as Šimpi-išhuk, which, being an Elamite name, suggests that Puzur-Inshuhinak himself was Elamite.[6]

In the inscription of the "Table au Lion", he appears as "Puzur-Inshushin(ak) Ensi (Governor) of Susa, Shakkanakku (Military Governor) of the country of Elam" (𒅤𒊭𒀭𒈹𒂞 𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒈹𒂞𒆠 𒄊𒀴 𒈣𒋾 𒉏𒆠 puzur-inshushinak ensi shushiki skakkanakku mati NIMki), a title used by his predecessors Eshpum, Epirmupi and Ili-ishmani as governors of the Akkadian Empire for the territory of Elam.[2][7] In another inscription, he calls himself the "Mighty King of Elam", suggesting an accession to independence from the weakening Akkadian Empire.[8]

  1. ^ Mémoires. Paris P. Geuthner. 1899. pp. 7–15.
  2. ^ a b Translation into French in Mémoires. Paris: P. Geuthner. 1899. p. 8.
  3. ^ "Sumerian Dictionary". oracc.iaas.upenn.edu.
  4. ^ or from about 2240 to 2220 BC according to the (long chronology)
  5. ^ Daniel T. Potts (1999). The Archaeology of Elam. Cambridge University Press. p. 122.
  6. ^ Steinkeller, Piotr. "Puzur-Inˇsuˇsinak at Susa: A Pivotal Episode of Early Elamite History Reconsidered". Susa and Elam. Archaeological, Philological, Historical and Geographical Perspectives. Mémoires de la Délégation en Perse: 293.
  7. ^ Mémoires. Paris P. Geuthner. 1899. pp. 20–21.
  8. ^ Shayegan, M. Rahim (2011). Arsacids and Sasanians: Political Ideology in Post-Hellenistic and Late Antique Persia. Cambridge University Press. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-521-76641-8.