Simplified Chinese | 庆历新政 |
---|---|
Traditional Chinese | 慶曆新政 |
Result | Failure |
Other names | Minor Reforms Qingli New Deal Qingli New Policies |
The Qingli Reforms or Qingli New Deal[1] (simplified Chinese: 庆历新政; traditional Chinese: 慶曆新政; pinyin: Qìnglì xīnzhèng), or Qingli New Policies,[2] also called Minor Reforms[3] (小改革),[4] took place in China’s Song dynasty under the leadership of Fan Zhongyan and Ouyang Xiu.[5] Taking place from 1043 to 1045 and so called for falling in the 1041–1048 era of the same name, it was a short-lived attempt to introduce reforms into the traditional way of conducting governmental affairs in China. It was a precursor to a grander effort three decades later led by Wang Anshi.
Qingli Reforms was the first political reform of the Northern Song dynasty,[6] which lasted for one year and four months, eventually ended in defeat due to resistance of the opponents of the reforms. After that, Fan Zhongyan was deported to Dengzhou.[7]