Racial resentment scale

The racial resentment scale is a measure of symbolic racism created by Donald Kinder and Lynn M. Sanders for the American National Election Studies in the 1980s. It has been considered the dominant measure of symbolic racism since its inception.[1][2]

  1. ^ Cramer, Katherine (2020). "Understanding the Role of Racism in Contemporary US Public Opinion". Annual Review of Political Science. 23: 153–169. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-060418-042842.
  2. ^ Wilson, David C.; Davis, Darren W. (2011). "Reexamining Racial Resentment: Conceptualization and Content". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 634: 117–133. doi:10.1177/0002716210388477. S2CID 144453745.