The Racism-Turanism trials (Turkish: Irkçılık-Turancılık Davası) were a series of legal prosecutions of defendants accused of spreading racist and pan-Turkist ideologies[1] and attempting a coup on the Turkish government.[2] The trials lasted between May 1944 and March 1947,[1] and were triggered by nationalist demonstrations on 3 May 1944 in support of Nihal Atsız who was on trial against Sabahattin Ali for defamation.[1][2] According to tried pan-Turkists as well as researchers like Edward Weisband and Uğur Mumcu, the trials were plotted to improve the relations between Turkey and the Soviet Union.[3]