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In Islam, human sexuality is governed by Islamic law, also known as Sharia. Accordingly, sexual violation is regarded as a violation of moral and divine law.[1] Islam divides claims of sexual violation into 'divine rights' (huquq Allah) and 'interpersonal rights' (huquq al-'ibad): the former requiring divine punishment (hadd penalties) and the latter belonging to the more flexible human realm.[2]
Rape is considered a crime in Islam. In Islam, rape is called Zina Al-Zibr[3] or Ightisab, and it falls under the rules of Hirabah.[4] Classical Islamic law (Shari'a) regarded the crime of sexual violation as a coercive zina, and therefore a hadd offence.[1] There is a lack of recognition of marital rape by mainstream jurists.[5][6]
- ^ a b Wolf, Leslie F. (10 December 2016). "Leslie F. Wolf; Sexual Violation in Islamic Law: Substance, Evidence, and Procedure By HINA AZAM". Journal of Islamic Studies: etw060. doi:10.1093/jis/etw060.
- ^ Semerdjian, Elyse (18 July 2017). "Sexual Violation in Islamic Law: Substance, Evidence, and Procedure". Journal of Middle East Women's Studies. 13 (2): 315–317. doi:10.1215/15525864-3861356. S2CID 149104901.
- ^ Farooq, Mohammad Omar (2013). Toward Our Reformation: From Legalism to Value-Oriented Islamic Law and Jurisprudence. International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT). p. 228. ISBN 978-1-56564-371-0. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- ^ Alotaibi, Hajed A. (2020). Minors' Crimes in Saudi Arabia: An Analytical Study on the Saudi Juvenile Justice. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 125. ISBN 978-1-5275-4616-5. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- ^ Susila, Muh Endriyo (2013). "Islamic Perspective on Marital Rape". Jurnal Media Hukum. 20 (2): 328.
- ^ Haddad, Mais (10 May 2017). "Victims of Rape and Law: How the Laws of the Arab World Protect Rapists, Not Victims". JURIST. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.