Ras al-Ayn
رَأْس ٱلْعَيْن سەرێ کانیێ | |
|---|---|
_Kurdish_Syria.jpg) Ras al-Ayn | |
  Ras al-Ayn Location of Ras al-Ayn in Syria | |
| Coordinates: 36°51′01″N 40°04′14″E / 36.8503°N 40.0706°E | |
| Country |  Syria |
| Governorate | al-Hasakah |
| District | Ras al-Ayn |
| Subdistrict | Ras al-Ayn |
| Control |  Turkey Syrian Interim Government |
| Elevation | 360 m (1,180 ft) |
| Population (2004)[1] | 29,347 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Area code | +963 52 |
| Geocode | C4988 |
Ras al-Ayn (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْعَيْن, romanized: Raʾs al-ʿAyn, Kurdish: سەرێ کانیێ, romanized: Serê Kaniyê, Classical Syriac: ܪܝܫ ܥܝܢܐ, romanized: Rēš Aynā[2]), also spelled Ras al-Ain, is a city in al-Hasakah Governorate in northeastern Syria, on the Syria–Turkey border.
One of the oldest cities in Upper Mesopotamia, the area of Ras al-Ayn has been inhabited since at least the Neolithic age (c. 8,000 BC). Later known as the ancient Aramean city of Sikkan, the Roman city of Rhesaina, and the Byzantine city of Theodosiopolis, the town was destroyed and rebuilt several times, and in medieval times was the site of fierce battles between several Muslim dynasties. With the 1921 Treaty of Ankara, Ras al-Ayn became a divided city when its northern part, today's Ceylanpınar, was ceded to Turkey.
With a population of 29,347 (as of 2004[update]),[1] it is the third largest city in al-Hasakah Governorate, and the administrative center of Ras al-Ayn District.
During the civil war, the city became contested between Syrian opposition forces and YPG from November 2012 until it was finally captured by the YPG in July 2013. It was later captured by the Turkish Armed Forces and the Syrian National Army during the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria.[3][4][5][6]
- ^ a b "2004 Census Data for Nahiya Ras al-Ayn" (in Arabic). Syrian Central Bureau of Statistics. Also available in English: UN OCHA. "2004 Census Data". Humanitarian Data Exchange.
- ^ Thomas A. Carlson et al., “Reshʿayna — ܪܝܫ ܥܝܢܐ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified December 9, 2016, http://syriaca.org/place/172.
- ^ "Kurdish-led fighters battle pro-Turkish forces for control of key border town". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
- ^ "Turkey claims capture of key Syrian border town as offensive continues". NBC News. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
- ^ "8 days of Operation "Peace Spring": Turkey controls 68 areas, "Ras al-Ain" under siege, and 416 dead among the SDF, Turkish forces and Turkish-backed factions • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights". October 17, 2019.
- ^ "Turkish army takes control over Syrian border city of Ras al-Ayn - TV". TASS.