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A reciprocal access agreement (RAA) (Japanese: 部隊間協力円滑化協定, lit. 'force-to-force cooperation facilitation agreement')[1] refers to a bilateral defense and security pacts between governments that provides shared military training and military operations.[2][3][4][5] It is an agreement built to create a framework for the two cooperating countries to move their military force whenever required, and also provides a pathway for goods to be imported and exported from one country to the other through following the movement of visiting military forces.[2]
RAAs have been established between Japan and Australia, as well as Japan and the United Kingdom.[6][7] For Australia, the signing of a reciprocal access agreement has later been used to further strengthen ties with other countries like India and the United States, and to also renew old pacts like the Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation (JDSC).[8]
- ^ "日英部隊間協力円滑化協定の署名" [Signing of Japan-UK Reciprocal Access Agreement]. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. 11 January 2023.
- ^ a b "Japan-Australia Reciprocal Access Agreement". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ "Australia, Japan sign 'historic' defence pact amid China concerns". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ Hui, Tan Ming (11 January 2022). "Japan and Australia ties blossom". Lowy Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ "Japan, Australia sign defence pact for closer cooperation". Reuters. 6 January 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2022.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:12was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Japan Ministry of Defense". Japan Ministry of Defense. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
- ^ Yamagami, Shingo (26 December 2022). "By getting out in front on China, Australia led the world". Australian Financial Review. Retrieved 12 January 2023.