Renal sodium reabsorption

In renal physiology, renal sodium reabsorption refers to the process by which the kidneys, having filtered out waste products from the blood to be excreted as urine, re-absorb sodium ions (Na+) from the waste. It uses Na-H antiport, Na-glucose symport, sodium ion channels (minor).[1] It is stimulated by angiotensin II and aldosterone, and inhibited by atrial natriuretic peptide.

It is very efficient, since more than 25,000 mmol/day of sodium is filtered into the nephron, but only ~100 mmol/day, or less than 0.4% remains in the final urine.