| Retortamonas | |
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| Retortamonas (Retortamonadida), on left; Hexamita, on center, and Giardia, on right (both Diplomonadida) | |
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| Genus: | Retortamonas Grassi, 1879
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Retortamonas is a genus of flagellated excavates.[1][2] It is one of only two genera belonging to the family Retortamonadidae along with the genus Chilomastix.[3] The genus parasitizes a large range of hosts including humans.[4] Species within this genus are considered harmless commensals which reside in the intestine of their host.[5][4] The wide host diversity is a useful factor given that species are distinguished based on their host rather than morphology.[3] This is because all species share similar morphology, which would present challenges when trying to make classifications based on structural anatomy.[3] Although Retortamonas currently includes over 25 known species, it is possible that some defined species are synonymous, given that such overlapping species have been discovered in the past.[3] Further efforts into learning about this genus must be done such as cross-transmission testing as well as biochemical and genetic studies.[3] One of the most well-known species within this genus is Retortamonas intestinalis, a human parasite that lives in the large intestine of humans.[5]
- ^ Geiman, Q. M. 1932: Retortamonas caudacus (n. sp.), an Intestinal Flagellate from a Beetle Larva, Gyrinidae sp. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 51(4), 219-224. Doi: DOI: 10.2307/3222268
- ^ Kulda J., Nohýnková E., Čepička I. 2017: Retortamonadida (with Notes on Carpediemonas-Like Organisms and Caviomonadidae). In: Archibald J., Simpson A., Slamovits C. (eds) Handbook of the Protists. Springer, Cham: 1247-1278. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28149-0_3
- ^ a b c d e Martinez-Diaz, R. A., Castro, A. T., Herrera, S. and Ponce, F. 2001: First Report of the Genus Retortamonas (Sarcomastigophora: Retortamonadidae) in Birds. Memórias do Instituto Oswalda Cruz, 96(7), 961-963. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02762001000700013
- ^ a b Hendarto, J., Mizuno, T., Hidayati, A. P.N., Rozi, I. E., Asih, P. B.S., Syafruddin, D., Yashikawa, H., Matsubayashi, M. and Tokoro, M. 2018: Three monophyletic clusters in Retortamonas species isolated from vertebrates. Parasitology International 69, 93-98. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2018.12.004
- ^ a b Kawamura, O., Kon, Y., Naganuma, A., Iwami, T., Maruyama H., Yamada, T., Sonobe, K., Horikoshi, T., Kusano, M. and Mori, M. 2001: Retortamonas intestinalis in the pancreatic juice of a patient with small nodular lesions of the main pancreatic duct. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 53(4): 508-510. doi: https://doi.org/10.1067/mge.2001.112746