Ribonuclease L or RNase L (for latent), known sometimes as ribonuclease 4 or 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase-dependent ribonuclease, is an interferon (IFN)-induced ribonuclease which, upon activation, destroys all RNA within the cell (both cellular and viral) as well as inhibiting mRNA export.[5][6] RNase L is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASEL gene.[7]
This gene encodes a component of the interferon-regulated 2'-5'oligoadenylate (2'-5'A) system that functions in the antiviral and antiproliferative roles of interferons. RNase L is activated by dimerization, which occurs upon 2'-5'A binding, and results in cleavage of all RNA in the cell. This can lead to activation of MDA5, an RNA helicase involved in the production of interferons.
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135828 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000066800 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Brennan-Laun, Sarah E.; Ezelle, Heather J.; Li, Xiao-Ling; Hassel, Bret A. (April 2014). "RNase-L Control of Cellular mRNAs: Roles in Biologic Functions and Mechanisms of Substrate Targeting". Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research. 34 (4): 275–288. doi:10.1089/jir.2013.0147. ISSN 1079-9907. PMC 3976596. PMID 24697205.
- ^ Burke, James M.; Gilchrist, Alison R.; Sawyer, Sara L.; Parker, Roy (2021-06-04). "RNase L limits host and viral protein synthesis via inhibition of mRNA export". Science Advances. 7 (23). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abh2479. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 8177694. PMID 34088676.
- ^ Squire J, Zhou A, Hassel BA, Nie H, Silverman RH (January 1994). "Localization of the interferon-induced, 2-5A-dependent RNase gene (RNS4) to human chromosome 1q25". Genomics. 19 (1): 174–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1033. PMID 7514564.