Rifamycin

Rifamycin
Clinical data
Trade names	Aemcolo
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a619010
License data	US DailyMed: Rifamycin;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	A07AA13 (WHO) S01AA16 (WHO) S02AA12 (WHO) J04AB03 (WHO) D06AX15 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Identifiers
CAS Number	6998-60-3;
PubChem CID	6324616;
DrugBank	DB11753;
ChemSpider	16735998;
UNII	DU69T8ZZPA;
KEGG	D02549; as salt: D08480;
ChEBI	CHEBI:29673;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL437765;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C37H47NO12
Molar mass	697.778 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES CC1C=CC=C(C(=O)NC2=CC(=C3C(=C2O)C(=C(C4=C3C(=O)C(O4)(OC=CC(C(C(C(C(C(C1O)C)O)C)OC(=O)C)C)OC)C)C)O)O)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C37H47NO12/c1-16-11-10-12-17(2)36(46)38-23-15-24(40)26-27(32(23)44)31(43)21(6)34-28(26)35(45)37(8,50-34)48-14-13-25(47-9)18(3)33(49-22(7)39)20(5)30(42)19(4)29(16)41/h10-16,18-20,25,29-30,33,40-44H,1-9H3,(H,38,46)/b11-10+,14-13+,17-12-/t16-,18+,19+,20+,25-,29-,30+,33+,37-/m0/s1; Key:HJYYPODYNSCCOU-ODRIEIDWSA-N;

The rifamycins are a group of antibiotics that are synthesized either naturally by the bacterium Amycolatopsis rifamycinica or artificially. They are a subclass of the larger family of ansamycins. Rifamycins are particularly effective against mycobacteria, and are therefore used to treat tuberculosis, leprosy, and mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infections.

The rifamycin group includes the "classic" rifamycin drugs as well as the rifamycin derivatives rifampicin (or rifampin), rifabutin, rifapentine, rifalazil and rifaximin. Rifamycin, sold under the trade name Aemcolo, is approved in the United States for treatment of travelers' diarrhea in some circumstances.^[1]^[2]^[3]

The name "rifamycin" (originally "rifomycin") was derived from the 1955 French film Rififi.^[4]^: S402

^ Lin SW, Lin CJ, Yang JC (August 2017). "Rifamycin SV MMX for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 18 (12): 1269–1277. doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1353079. PMID 28697313. S2CID 8853242.
^ "FDA approves new drug to treat travelers' diarrhea". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 16 November 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2018.
^ "Drug Approval Package: Aemcolo (rifamycin)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 21 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
^ Sensi, P. (1983). "History of the Development of Rifampin". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 5 (Suppl 3): S402–S406. doi:10.1093/clinids/5.Supplement_3.S402. PMID 6635432.

[1] Lin SW, Lin CJ, Yang JC (August 2017). "Rifamycin SV MMX for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea". Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. 18 (12): 1269–1277. doi:10.1080/14656566.2017.1353079. PMID 28697313. S2CID 8853242.

[2] "FDA approves new drug to treat travelers' diarrhea". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 16 November 2018. Retrieved 19 November 2018.

[3] "Drug Approval Package: Aemcolo (rifamycin)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 21 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2019.

[pmid6635432-4] Sensi, P. (1983). "History of the Development of Rifampin". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 5 (Suppl 3): S402–S406. doi:10.1093/clinids/5.Supplement_3.S402. PMID 6635432.

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