Riograndense Republic

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Riograndense Republic" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Riograndense Republic República Rio-Grandense
1836–1845
Flag Coat of arms
Motto:  Liberdade, Igualdade, Humanidade "Liberty, Equality, Humanity"
The Riograndense Republic corresponded with the current Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul
Status	Unrecognized state
Capital	Piratini[citation needed]
Common languages	Portuguese
Government	Unitary presidential republic
President
• 1836–1841	Bento Gonçalves
• 1841–1845	Gomes Jardim
Historical era	19th Century
• Independence of Empire of Brazil	11 September 1836
• Confederation with Juliana Republic	24 July 1839
• Constitution adopted	8 February 1843
• Ponche Verde Treaty	1 March 1845
Currency	Brazilian Real
Preceded by Succeeded by Empire of Brazil São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul Province Empire of Brazil São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul Province
Today part of	Brazil

The Riograndense Republic,^[1] often called the Piratini Republic (Portuguese: República Rio-Grandense or República do Piratini), was a de facto state that seceded from the Empire of Brazil and roughly coincided with the present state of Rio Grande do Sul. It was proclaimed on 11 September 1836^[2] by general Antônio de Sousa Neto as a direct consequence of the victory obtained by gaúcho oligarchic forces at the Battle of Seival [pt] (1836) during the Ragamuffin War (1835–1845). It had a constitution adopted in 1843 and was recognised only by the United Kingdom,^{[citation needed]} France,^{[citation needed]} and Uruguay.

In 1839, the Riograndense Republic formed a confederation with the short-lived Juliana Republic (Portuguese: República Juliana) which proclaimed its independence in the same year. November 1839, however, saw the war result in the defeat and disappearance of the Juliana Republic. The Riograndense Republic had five capitals during its nearly nine years of existence: the cities of Piratini (for which it is often called Piratini Republic), Alegrete, Caçapava do Sul (official capitals), Bagé (for only two weeks), and São Borja. The war between the Gaúchos and the Brazilian Empire was ended by the Ponche Verde Treaty.