Rosaceae

Not to be confused with Rosacea.

Rosaceae
Temporal range: Turonian - present[1][2]
Flower of Rosa pouzinii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Juss.
Subfamilies
Global distribution of Rosaceae
Synonyms[3]
  • Amygdalaceae D. Don 1825
  • Coleogynaceae J. Agardh 1858
  • Fragariaceae Richard ex Nestler 1816
  • Lindleyaceae J. Agardh 1858
  • Malaceae Small ex Britton 1903
  • Pomaceae Lindl.
  • Potentillaceae Sprengel ex Weinmann 1824
  • Prunaceae Martinov
  • Spiraeaceae Bertuch 1801

Rosaceae (/roʊˈzeɪsiː.iː, -si.aɪ, -si.eɪ/),[4][5] the rose family, is a family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera.[6][7][8]

The name is derived from the type genus Rosa. The family includes herbs, shrubs, and trees. Most species are deciduous, but some are evergreen.[9] They have a worldwide range but are most diverse in the Northern Hemisphere.

Many economically important products come from the Rosaceae, including various edible fruits, such as apples, pears, quinces, apricots, plums, cherries, peaches, raspberries, blackberries, loquats, strawberries, rose hips, hawthorns, and almonds. The family also includes popular ornamental trees and shrubs, such as roses, meadowsweets, rowans, firethorns, and photinias.[9]

Among the most species-rich genera in the family are Alchemilla (270), Sorbus (260), Crataegus (260), Cotoneaster (260), Rubus (250),[8] and Prunus (200), which contains the plums, cherries, peaches, apricots, and almonds.[10] However, all of these numbers should be seen as estimates—much taxonomic work remains.

  1. ^ Zhang S.-D.; Jin J.-J.; Chen S.-Y.; et al. (2017). "Diversification of Rosaceae since the Late Cretaceous based on plastid phylogenomics". New Phytol. 214 (3): 1355–1367. doi:10.1111/nph.14461. PMID 28186635.
  2. ^ "Rosales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  3. ^ Takhtajan A. (1997). Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 1–620. ISBN 978-0-231-10098-4.
  4. ^ "Rosaceae". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
  5. ^ "-aceae", Wiktionary, the free dictionary, 18 July 2024, retrieved 22 July 2024
  6. ^ "The Plant List: Rosaceae". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanic Garden. Retrieved 20 November 2016.
  7. ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M. & Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
  8. ^ a b "Angiosperm Phylogeny Website". mobot.org.
  9. ^ a b Watson, L.; Dallwitz, M.J. (1992). "The families of flowering plants: Rosaceae L." Description Language for Taxonomy. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
  10. ^ Bortiri, E.; Oh, S.-H.; Jiang, J.; Baggett, S.; Granger, A.; Weeks, C.; Buckingham, M.; Potter, D.; Parfitt, D.E. (2001). "Phylogeny and Systematics of Prunus (Rosaceae) as Determined by Sequence Analysis of ITS and the Chloroplast trnL–trnF Spacer DNA". Systematic Botany. 26 (4): 797–807. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.4.797 (inactive 1 November 2024). JSTOR 3093861.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)