Ruhollah Khomeini's life in exile was the period that Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini spent from 1964 to 1979 in Turkey, Iraq and France, after Mohamed Reza Shah Pahlavi had arrested him twice for dissent from his “White Revolution” announced in 1963. Ayatollah Khomeini was invited back to Iran by the government,[1][2] and returned to Tehran from exile in 1979.[3]
On 4 November 1964, Khomeini was secretly taken to Ankara and then to Bursa, Turkey. On 5 September 1965, he moved to Najaf, Iraq and stayed there until Saddam Hussein deported him. Finally, he was exiled by the pressure of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to Neauphle-le-Château, Paris on 6 October 1978.[4]
- ^ Milani, Abbas (22 May 2012). The Shah. Macmillan. ISBN 9780230340381.
- ^ Milani, Abbas (2008). Eminent Persians. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-0907-0.
- ^ 1979: Exiled Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran Archived 24 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine| bbc.co.uk
- ^ Mutalib, Hussein (18 June 1996). Islam, Muslims and the Modern State: Case-Studies of Muslims in Thirteen Countries. Palgrave Macmillan (June 18, 1996). ISBN 978-0-333-66969-3.