Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) refers to two highly related proteins, STAT5A and STAT5B, which are part of the seven-membered STAT family of proteins. Though STAT5A and STAT5B are encoded by separate genes, the proteins are 90% identical at the amino acid level.[1] STAT5 proteins are involved in cytosolicsignalling and in mediating the expression of specific genes.[2] Aberrant STAT5 activity has been shown to be closely connected to a wide range of human cancers,[3] and silencing this aberrant activity is an area of active research in medicinal chemistry.[4]
^Grimley PM, Dong F, Rui H (June 1999). "Stat5a and Stat5b: fraternal twins of signal transduction and transcriptional activation". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 10 (2): 131–57. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(99)00011-8. PMID10743504.