| Saadanius Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Saadanius hijazensis | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Parvorder: | Catarrhini |
| Superfamily: | †Saadanioidea Zalmout et al., 2010 |
| Family: | †Saadaniidae Zalmout et al., 2010 |
| Genus: | †Saadanius Zalmout et al., 2010 |
| Species: | †S. hijazensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| †Saadanius hijazensis Zalmout et al., 2010
| |
Saadanius is a genus of fossil primates dating to the Oligocene that is closely related to the common ancestor of the Old World monkeys and apes, collectively known as catarrhines. It is represented by a single species, Saadanius hijazensis, which is known only from a single partial skull tentatively dated between 29 and 28 million years ago. It was discovered in 2009 in western Saudi Arabia near Mecca and was first described in 2010 after comparison with both living and fossil catarrhines.
Saadanius had a longer face than living catarrhines and lacked the advanced frontal sinus found in living catarrhines. However, it had a bony ectotympanic and teeth comparable to those of living catarrhines. Its discovery provided new information about the early evolution of catarrhines.