Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands

Saipan

Top: Garapan Skyline; Bottom: Topographic map of Saipan Island
Geography
Location	Pacific Ocean
Coordinates	15°11′N 145°45′E / 15.183°N 145.750°E / 15.183; 145.750
Archipelago	Marianas
Area	118.98 km2 (45.94 sq mi)[1]
Length	12 mi (19 km)
Width	5.6 mi (9 km)
Highest elevation	1,560 ft (475 m)
Highest point	Mount Tapochau
Administration
United States
Commonwealth	Northern Mariana Islands
Largest settlement	Garapan
Mayor	Ramon Camacho
Demographics
Demonym	Chamorro; Carolinian (Refaluwasch)
Population	43,385 (2020)
Ethnic groups	50.9% Asian 33.6% Pacific Islander 2.1% White 0.2% others
Additional information
Time zone	ChST (UTC+10)
ZIP code	96950
Area code(s)	670
ISO code	580
Official website	https://governor.gov.mp

Saipan^[2] (/saɪˈpæn/) is the largest island and capital of the Northern Mariana Islands, a Territory of the United States in the western Pacific Ocean. According to 2020 estimates by the United States Census Bureau, the population of Saipan was 43,385.^[3] Its people have been United States citizens since the 1980s. Saipan is one of the main homes of the Chamorro, the Indigenous people of the Mariana Islands.

Saipan has been inhabited for over four thousand years. From the 17th century, the island experienced Spanish occupation and rule until the Spanish–American War of 1898, when Saipan was briefly occupied by the United States, before being formally sold to Germany. About 15 years of German rule were followed by 30 years of Japanese rule, which was ended by the Battle of Saipan, as the United States began to take control of the Philippine Sea. Following World War II, Saipan became part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and was administered by the United States, along with rest of the Northern Marianas. In 1978, Saipan formally joined the United States as part of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

Today, Saipan is home to about 90% of the population of the Northern Mariana Islands. It hosts many resorts, golf courses, beaches, nature sites, and WW2 historical sites. The legislative and executive branches of Commonwealth government are located in the village of Capitol Hill on the island while the judicial branch is headquartered in the village of Susupe. Since the entire island is organized as a single municipality, most publications designate Saipan as the Commonwealth's capital. As of 2023, Saipan's mayor is Ramon Camacho and the governor of the Northern Mariana Islands is Arnold Palacios.

Saipan was hit by Typhoon Yutu in 2018, which caused widespread damage.