Salinispora

Salinispora
S. arenicola strain TM223-S2
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Actinomycetota
Class: Actinomycetia
Order: Micromonosporales
Family: Micromonosporaceae
Genus: Salinispora
Maldonado et al. 2005
Type species
Salinispora arenicola
Maldonado et al. 2005
Species[1]

Salinispora is a genus of obligately aerobic, gram-positive, non-acid-fast bacteria belonging to the family of Micromonosporaceae. They are heterotrophic, non-motile, and obligately grow under high osmotic/ionic-strength conditions.[2][3][4] They are the first identified genus of gram-positive bacteria which has a high osmotic/ionic-strength requirement for survival.[2] They are widely abundant in tropical marine sediments and were first identified in 2002.[2] This genus of bacteria has potential biotechnological significance due to their production of novel secondary metabolites which can be used pharmaceutically.[5]

There are nine known species that fall within the genus of Salinispora including the better studied S. arenicola, S. tropica, and S. pacifica.[6][7] The clade that initially comprised only S. pacifica was further interrogated through comparative genomic analyses in 2020 to reveal six additional species.[6] The differentiation of these species is likely the result of niche differentiation rather than allopatric speciation due to the species co-occurrence.[8] Despite there being high sequence similarity among Salinispora genomes (>99% 16S rRNA sequence identity), species- and strain-based differences among biosynthetic gene clusters and products have been determined.[9][10]

  1. ^ "Genus Salinispora". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH.
  2. ^ a b c Mincer TJ, Jensen PR, Kauffman CA, Fenical W (October 2002). "Widespread and persistent populations of a major new marine actinomycete taxon in ocean sediments". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 68 (10): 5005–5011. Bibcode:2002ApEnM..68.5005M. doi:10.1128/aem.68.10.5005-5011.2002. PMC 126404. PMID 12324350.
  3. ^ Maldonado LA, Fenical W, Jensen PR, Kauffman CA, Mincer TJ, Ward AC, et al. (September 2005). "Salinispora arenicola gen. nov., sp. nov. and Salinispora tropica sp. nov., obligate marine actinomycetes belonging to the family Micromonosporaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 55 (Pt 5): 1759–1766. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.63625-0. PMID 16166663.
  4. ^ Jensen PR, Maldonado LA, Goodfellow M (2015-09-14). "Salinispora". Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria: 1–10. doi:10.1002/9781118960608.gbm00151. ISBN 9781118960608.
  5. ^ Jensen PR, Moore BS, Fenical W (May 2015). "The marine actinomycete genus Salinispora: a model organism for secondary metabolite discovery". Natural Product Reports. 32 (5): 738–751. doi:10.1039/C4NP00167B. PMC 4414829. PMID 25730728.
  6. ^ a b Román-Ponce B, Millán-Aguiñaga N, Guillen-Matus D, Chase AB, Ginigini JG, Soapi K, et al. (August 2020). "Six novel species of the obligate marine actinobacterium Salinispora, Salinispora cortesiana sp. nov., Salinispora fenicalii sp. nov., Salinispora goodfellowii sp. nov., Salinispora mooreana sp. nov., Salinispora oceanensis sp. nov. and Salinispora vitiensis sp. nov., and emended description of the genus Salinispora". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (8): 4668–4682. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004330. PMC 7660244. PMID 32701422.
  7. ^ Millán-Aguiñaga N, Chavarria KL, Ugalde JA, Letzel AC, Rouse GW, Jensen PR (June 2017). "Phylogenomic Insight into Salinispora (Bacteria, Actinobacteria) Species Designations". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 3564. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.3564M. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02845-3. PMC 5472633. PMID 28620214.
  8. ^ Jensen PR, Mafnas C (November 2006). "Biogeography of the marine actinomycete Salinispora". Environmental Microbiology. 8 (11): 1881–1888. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01093.x. PMID 17014488.
  9. ^ Bauermeister A, Velasco-Alzate K, Dias T, Macedo H, Ferreira EG, Jimenez PC, et al. (2018-12-11). "Metabolomic Fingerprinting of Salinispora From Atlantic Oceanic Islands". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9: 3021. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.03021. PMC 6297358. PMID 30619120.
  10. ^ Jensen PR, Williams PG, Oh DC, Zeigler L, Fenical W (February 2007). "Species-specific secondary metabolite production in marine actinomycetes of the genus Salinispora". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (4): 1146–1152. Bibcode:2007ApEnM..73.1146J. doi:10.1128/AEM.01891-06. PMC 1828645. PMID 17158611.