Samuel Martin Kier (July 19, 1813 – October 6, 1874) was an American inventor and businessman who is credited with founding the American petroleum refining industry. He was the first person in the United States to refine crude oil into kerosene lamp oil.[1] Kier has been dubbed the Grandfather of the American Oil Industry by historians.[2]
- ^ Greater Pittsburgh and Allegheny County, Past, Present, Future; The Pioneer Oil Refiner. Original from the New York Public Library: The American Manufacturer and Iron World. 1901.
- ^ McInnis, Karen. "Kier, Samuel Martin- Bio" (web). biography. The Pennsylvania State University. Retrieved 2008-12-12.