Sandra Bem

Sandra Bem
BornJune 22, 1944
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
DiedMay 20, 2014(2014-05-20) (aged 69)
Ithaca, New York
NationalityAmerican
Alma materCarnegie Mellon University, University of Michigan
Known forgender schema theory, Bem Sex-Role Inventory
Scientific career
FieldsPsychology
InstitutionsCarnegie Mellon University, Stanford University, Cornell University

Sandra Ruth Lipsitz Bem (June 22, 1944 – May 20, 2014) was an American psychologist known for her works in androgyny and gender studies. Her pioneering work on gender roles, gender polarization[1][2] and gender stereotypes led directly to more equal employment opportunities for women in the United States.[3]

  1. ^ Polygendered and Ponytailed: The Dilemma of Femininity and the Female Athlete, 2009, Women's Press, Dayna B. Daniels, Gender polarization, Retrieved Aug. 22, 2014, (see page 29) "...Gender polarization can be defined as the organizing principle upon which many cultures and their social institutions have been created...
  2. ^ Bem, S. (1993). Gender polarization. The lenses of gender: transforming the debate on sexual inequality, (pp. 80–82). Binghamton, NY: Vail-Ballou Press.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Ove was invoked but never defined (see the help page).