Republic of the Philippines | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1943–1945 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Kapayapaan, Kalayaan, Katarungan" "Peace, Freedom, Justice" | |||||||||
| Anthem: Diwà ng Bayan (English: "Spirit of the Nation") Awit sa Paglikha ng Bagong Pilipinas (English: "Hymn to the Creation of the New Philippines") | |||||||||
Great Seal:.svg) | |||||||||
 The Philippines (dark red) within the Empire of Japan (light red) at its furthest extent | |||||||||
| Status | Puppet state of the Empire of Japan | ||||||||
| Capital | Manila (1942–1945) Baguio (1945) | ||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||
| Government | Unitary one-party presidential republic under a totalitarian military dictatorship | ||||||||
| President | |||||||||
• 1943–1945 | Jose P. Laurel | ||||||||
| Military Governor | |||||||||
• 1943–1944 | Shigenori Kuroda | ||||||||
• 1944–1945 | Tomoyuki Yamashita | ||||||||
| Speaker of the National Assembly | |||||||||
• 1943–1944 | Benigno Aquino Sr. | ||||||||
| Legislature | National Assembly | ||||||||
| Historical era | World War II | ||||||||
| October 14, 1943 | |||||||||
| August 17, 1945 | |||||||||
| Currency | Japanese government–issued Philippine peso (₱) | ||||||||
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (PST) | ||||||||
| Date format |
| ||||||||
| Drives on | left[1] | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Philippines | ||||||||
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The Second Philippine Republic, officially the Republic of the Philippines[a] and also known as the Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic, was a Japanese-backed government established on October 14, 1943, during the Japanese occupation of the islands until its dissolution on August 17, 1945.[2]
- ^ Section 60 of the Revised Motor Vehicle Law, Act No. 3992 "Drive on Left Side of Road. – Unless a different cause of action is required in the interest of the safety and security of life, person, or property, or because of unreasonable difficulty of operation in compliance herewith, every person operating a motor vehicle or guiding an animal drawn vehicle on a highway shall pass to the left when meeting persons or vehicles coming toward him, and to the right when overtaking persons or vehicles going the same direction, and, when turning to the right in going from one highway into another, every vehicle shall be conducted to the left of the center of the intersection of the highways."
- ^ Vellut, J. L. (March 1964). "Foreign Relations of the Second Republic of the Philippines, 1943–1945". Journal of Southeast Asian History. 5 (1): 128. doi:10.1017/S0217781100002246. JSTOR 20067478.
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