Shen Hongying

In this Chinese name, the family name is Shen.
General Hip Wai (協威將軍)
Shen Hongying (沈鴻英)
Born
Shen Yaying (沈亞英),

1871
Luorong County, Liuzhou Prefecture, Guangxi Province
Died1935 (aged 63–64)
Hong Kong
Resting placeShum Family Cemetery, in Pat Heung off Kam Po Road, adjacent to the Taoism Jiu Xiao Guan (Hong Kong)
MonumentsGeneral House, Fung Kat Heung, Kam Tin, Yuen Long, New Territories
NationalityChinese
Other namesShen Guannan (沈冠南)
Occupation(s)Military governor of Guangdong and Commander-in-Chief of the Frontier Defence of the Third Route Army of Guangdong and Guangxi (粵桂邊防第三路軍總司令)
Known forOld Guangxi Clique Warlord
Board member ofChairman, Board of Director of Pok Oi Hospital
Main military coalitions of Chinese warlords, 1925. Guangdong and Guangxi are blue. .Map created by the US Military Academy (West Point).
Main Building of the General House in Fung Kat Heung, Yeun Long, New Territories, Hong Kong.
Shum Ancestral Hall of the General House in Fung Kat Heung, YuenLong, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Shen Hongying or Shum Hung-ying (simplified Chinese: 沈鸿英; traditional Chinese: 沈鴻英; pinyin: Shěn Hóngyīng; Cantonese: Shum Hung-ying) (Oct 15, 1871 – January 28, 1935) was a Chinese general in the Old Guangxi Clique during the Republic of China (1912–1949). Shum was given the title of General Hip Wai (協威將軍) by President Li Yuanhong. Shen served as military governor of Guangdong from March 1923 to May 1924 in the Warlord Era. He was in alliance with Wu Peifu.[1] He was defeated by Li Zongren in 1925.[2]

Shen Hongying was born in 1871 and moved to Luorong (雒容) of Guangxi from Enping of Guangdong. He had been a bandit and later became a prefecture officer (管帶) in the Qing government. He then served at the Republic government and was promoted to a number of posts, eventually became defence commissioner in the two provinces. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Frontier Defence of the Third Route Army of Guangdong and Guangxi (粵桂邊防第三路軍總司令), had armed confrontations with the renowned generals Bai Chongxi and Li Zongren in 1925, and later fled to Hong Kong. When he was a general in the Chinese mainland, he bought a lot of land in Hong Kong. He was a member of the Board of Director of Pok Oi Hospital in 1932 and 1933 and its Chairman in 1934.

Following his defeat in the Guangdong–Guangxi War, Shen retired in Hong Kong and built his residence, now referred to as the "General House",[3] in the location now known as the village of Fung Kat Heung in Yeun Long, New Territories. He named the village Fung Kat (逢吉), to represent that all bad luck turns into good luck.[4] The Shum Residence has been determined to be a historic building of special merit by the Antiquities Advisory Board (AAB) of Hong Kong, and efforts should be made for its preservation.[5][6][7]

  1. ^ Tony Saich (1 April 1991). The Origins of the First United Front in China: The Role of Sneevliet. BRILL. p. 549. ISBN 978-90-04-09173-3. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
  2. ^ James Zheng Gao (30 June 2009). Historical Dictionary of Modern China: (1800 - 1949). Scarecrow Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-8108-4930-3. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
  3. ^ Antiquities Advisory Board, Historic Building Appraisal (18 Dec 2009). "General House, Hip Wai House, Shum Ancestral Hall" (PDF).
  4. ^ Soldier (2014-04-18). "Soldier 的世界: 元朗逢吉鄉上將府". Soldier 的世界. Retrieved 2021-05-27.
  5. ^ Antiquities Advisory Board (11 March 2021). "List of the 1,444 Historic Buildings with Assessment Results" (PDF).
  6. ^ "The General House at Fung Kat Heung | Attractions in Yuen Long, Hong Kong". Time Out Hong Kong. Retrieved 2021-05-27.
  7. ^ "Crumbling vestiges of a warlord's empire: grave and home under threat". South China Morning Post. 2014-09-15. Retrieved 2021-05-27.