| Sialolithiasis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Calculi (salivary gland stones) removed from the sublingual gland | |
| Specialty | Dental surgery  |
Sialolithiasis (also termed salivary calculi,[1] or salivary stones)[1] is a crystallopathy where a calcified mass or sialolith forms within a salivary gland, usually in the duct of the submandibular gland (also termed "Wharton's duct"). Less commonly the parotid gland or rarely the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland may develop salivary stones.
The usual symptoms are pain and swelling of the affected salivary gland, both of which get worse when salivary flow is stimulated, e.g. with the sight, thought, smell or taste of food, or with hunger or chewing. This is often termed "mealtime syndrome."[2] Inflammation or infection of the gland may develop as a result. Sialolithiasis may also develop because of the presence of existing chronic infection of the glands, dehydration (e.g. use of phenothiazines), Sjögren's syndrome and/or increased local levels of calcium, but in many instances the cause is idiopathic (unknown).
The condition is usually managed by removing the stone, and several different techniques are available. Rarely, removal of the submandibular gland may become necessary in cases of recurrent stone formation. Sialolithiasis is common, accounting for about 50% of all disease occurring in the major salivary glands and causing symptoms in about 0.45% of the general population. Persons aged 30–60 and males are more likely to develop sialolithiasis.[2]
- ^ a b Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CA, Bouquot JE (2002). Oral & maxillofacial pathology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp. 393–395. ISBN 0721690033.
- ^ a b Capaccio, P; Torretta, S; Ottavian, F; Sambataro, G; Pignataro, L (August 2007). "Modern management of obstructive salivary diseases". Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica. 27 (4): 161–72. PMC 2640028. PMID 17957846.