| Siege of Harfleur | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Hundred Years' War | |||||||||
 Modern location diagram of Harfleur | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of England |
.svg){kind=small} Kingdom of France | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
Henry V Thomas, Duke of Clarence |
 Jean d'Estouteville.svg){kind=small} Raoul de Gaucourt | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 11,300 |
Garrison: 100 Reinforcements: 300 | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
|
Fatal: c. 2,000–5,000[1] Illness: c. 2,200[2] |
140 c. 2,000 refugees[3] | ||||||||
  Harfleur | |||||||||
The siege of Harfleur (18 August – 22 September 1415) was conducted by the English army of King Henry V in Normandy, France, during the Hundred Years' War. The defenders of Harfleur surrendered to the English on terms and were treated as prisoners of war. It was the first time that an English army made significant use of gunpowder artillery in the siege of a large urban settlement.[4]
The English army was considerably reduced by casualties and an outbreak of dysentery during the siege but marched towards Calais, leaving a garrison behind at the port. The English were intercepted en route and fought the Battle of Agincourt (25 October), inflicting a huge defeat on the French.
- ^ Mortimer 2009, p. 560.
- ^ Sumption 2016, pp. 440–441.
- ^ Sumption 2016, p. 440.
- ^ Spencer, Dan (2017). "'The scourge of the stones': English gunpowder artillery at the siege of Harfleur". Journal of Medieval History. 43 (1): 59–73. doi:10.1080/03044181.2016.1236506. ISSN 0304-4181. S2CID 159906418.