Silver nitrate

Silver nitrate
Structural formula of silver nitrate
Sample of silver nitrate
Crystal structure of silver nitrate
Names
IUPAC name
Silver nitrate
Systematic IUPAC name
Silver(I) nitrate
Other names
Nitric acid silver(1+) salt
Lapis infernalis
Argentous nitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.958 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-853-9
RTECS number
  • VW4725000
UNII
UN number 1493
  • InChI=1S/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1 checkY
    Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/Ag.NO3/c;2-1(3)4/q+1;-1
    Key: SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYAW
  • [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+]
Properties
AgNO3
Molar mass 169.872 g·mol−1
Appearance colorless solid
Odor Odorless
Density 4.35 g/cm3 (24 °C)
3.97 g/cm3 (210 °C)[1]
Melting point 209.7 °C (409.5 °F; 482.8 K)[1][3]
Boiling point 440 °C (824 °F; 713 K)
decomposes[1]
122 g/100 mL (0 °C)
170 g/100 mL (10 °C)
256 g/100 mL (25 °C)
373 g/100 mL (40 °C)
912 g/100 mL (100 °C)[2]
Solubility Soluble in acetone,[1] ammonia, ether, glycerol
Solubility in acetic acid 0.776 g/kg (30 °C)
1.244 g/kg (40 °C)
5.503 g/kg (93 °C)[3]
Solubility in acetone 0.35 g/100 g (14 °C)
0.44 g/100 g (18 °C)[2]
Solubility in benzene 0.22 g/kg (35 °C)
0.44 g/kg (40.5 °C)[2]
Solubility in ethanol 3.1 g/100 g (19 °C)[2]
Solubility in ethyl acetate 2.7 g/100 g (20 °C)[3]
log P 0.19
−45.7·10−6 cm3/mol
1.744
Viscosity 3.77 cP (244 °C)
3.04 cP (275 °C)[3]
Structure
Orthorhombic, oP56[4]
P212121, No. 19[4]
222[4]
a = 6.992(2) Å, b = 7.335(2) Å, c = 10.125(2) Å[4]
α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
Thermochemistry
93.1 J/mol·K[1]
140.9 J/mol·K[1]
−124.4 kJ/mol[1]
−33.4 kJ/mol[1]
Pharmacology
D08AL01 (WHO)
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Reacts explosively with ethanol. Toxic. Corrosive.
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS05: CorrosiveGHS06: ToxicGHS09: Environmental hazard[5]
Danger
H272, H314, H410[5]
P220, P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P310, P501[5]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
800 mg/kg (rabbit, oral)
20 mg/kg (dog, oral)[6]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Crystals of silver nitrate under a microscope.

Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO
3
. It is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography. It is far less sensitive to light than the halides.[citation needed] It was once called lunar caustic because silver was called luna by ancient alchemists who associated silver with the moon.[7] In solid silver nitrate, the silver ions are three-coordinated in a trigonal planar arrangement.[4]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
  2. ^ a b c d Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York City: D. Van Nostrand Company. pp. 617–619.
  3. ^ a b c d Kiper, Ruslan Anatolievich. "silver nitrate". Chemister.ru. Retrieved 2014-07-20.
  4. ^ a b c d e Meyer, P.; Rimsky, A.; Chevalier, R. (1978). "Structure du nitrate d'argent à pression et température ordinaires. Exemple de cristal parfait". Acta Crystallogr. B. 34 (5): 1457–1462. Bibcode:1978AcCrB..34.1457M. doi:10.1107/S0567740878005907.
  5. ^ a b c Sigma-Aldrich Co., Silver nitrate. Retrieved on 2014-07-20.
  6. ^ "Silver (metal dust and soluble compounds, as Ag)". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  7. ^ "Definition of Lunar Caustic". dictionary.die.net. Archived from the original on 2012-01-31.