Sipiniq

In Inuit culture, sipiniq (Inuktitut: ᓯᐱᓂᖅ; West Greenland Inuttut: sipineq, from sipi meaning "to split", plural sipiniit)[1][2] refers to a person who is believed to have changed their physical sex as an infant, but whose gender is typically designated as being the same as their perceived original sex.[3] In some ways, being sipiniq can be considered a third gender.[4] In Inuit Nunaat this concept is primarily attested in areas of the Canadian Arctic, such as Igloolik and Nunavik,[5] as well in Greenland such as Kitaamiut Inuit and Inughuit, though Iiviit used the words tikkaliaq and nuliakaaliaq.[2] The Netsilik Inuit used the word kipijuituq for a similar concept.[6]

  1. ^ Chiland, Colette (2003-01-01). Transsexualism: Illusion and Reality. SAGE. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-4129-0264-9.
  2. ^ a b Fleischer, M. A. R. (2020-01-28). EN QUEERTEORETISK LÆSNING AF KØNSOPFATTELSER I GRØNLAND I ET HISTORISK PERSPEKTIV (PDF) (in Danish). Ilisimatusarfik. pp. 70–92.
  3. ^ Smith, Eric Alden; Smith, S. Abigail; et al. (1994). "Inuit Sex-Ratio Variation: Population Control, Ethnographic Error, or Parental Manipulation? [and Comments and Reply]". Current Anthropology. 35 (5): 617. doi:10.1086/204319. ISSN 0011-3204. JSTOR 2744084. S2CID 143679341.
  4. ^ Stern, Pamela R. (2010-06-16). Daily Life of the Inuit. ABC-CLIO. pp. 11–12. ISBN 978-0-313-36312-2.
  5. ^ Issenman, Betty Kobayashi (1997). Sinews of Survival: the Living Legacy of Inuit Clothing. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-7748-5641-6. OCLC 923445644.
  6. ^ Walley, Meghan (2018). "Exploring Potential Archaeological Expressions of Nonbinary Gender in Pre-Contact Inuit Contexts". Études/Inuit/Studies. 42 (1): 269–289. doi:10.7202/1064504ar. ISSN 0701-1008. JSTOR 26775769.