Smallmouth buffalo

Smallmouth buffalo
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Catostomidae
Genus: Ictiobus
Species:
I. bubalus
Binomial name
Ictiobus bubalus
(Rafinesque, 1818)
The distribution of I. bubalus in the United States
Synonyms
  • Catostomus bubalus Rafinesque, 1818
FMIB 33324 Ictiobus Bubalus (Ravinesque)

The smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus, from the Greek for "bull-fish" and "buffalo") is recently realized as one of the longest-lived fishes, capable of living more than a century.[2] The smallmouth buffalo is in decline across large portions of its range,[3] and is subject to unregulated exploitation.[4][5][6][2][7] They are a catostomid fish species native to the major tributaries and surrounding waters of the Mississippi River in the United States, as well as some other water systems where it has been introduced. It is a long-lived,[8][9][10][2] stocky fish like its relatives the bigmouth buffalo[11] (I. cyprinellus) and the black buffalo[11][2] (I. niger). The smallmouth buffalo's mouth is located ventrally like other Catostomidae species, whereas the bigmouth buffalo's mouth is terminal and opens forward. It is thought that smallmouth buffalo eyes are significantly larger than those of the black buffalo. Despite being members of different scientific suborders, these three species are sometimes conflated with common carp (Cyprinus carpio), but an easy and notable difference is that all catostomids lack the characteristic barbels of carp, and carp are not native to North America whereas buffalofish are. Like the other buffalofish species, the smallmouth buffalo is targeted by modern bowfishing. [11][6][4][10][3][2][5][7]

  1. ^ NatureServe.; Soto Galera, E. (2019). "Ictiobus bubalus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T191239A130113487. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T191239A130113487.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e Lackmann, Alec R.; Black, Stuart A.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Lackmann, Jeffrey A. (2023-10-20). "Centenarian lifespans of three freshwater fish species in Arizona reveal the exceptional longevity of the buffalofishes (Ictiobus)". Scientific Reports. 13 (1): 17401. Bibcode:2023NatSR..1317401L. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-44328-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10589290. PMID 37864074.
  3. ^ a b Maxson, Kristopher A.; Solomon, Levi E.; Bookout, Taylor A.; DeLain, Steven A.; Bartels, Andrew D.; Bowler, Melvin C.; Gittinger, Eric J.; Ratcliff, Eric N.; West, John L.; Love, Seth A.; DeBoer, Jason A.; Whitten-Harris, Andrya L.; Spear, Michael J.; Ickes, Brian S.; Casper, Andrew F. (2024-07-18). "Smallmouth buffalo (Ictiobus bubalus Rafinesque) population trends and demographics in the Upper Mississippi River System". Environmental Biology of Fishes. Bibcode:2024EnvBF.tmp...76M. doi:10.1007/s10641-024-01554-x. ISSN 1573-5133.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bibcode (link)
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :6 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ a b Scarnecchia, Dennis L.; Schooley, Jason D.; Lackmann, Alec R.; Rider, Steven J.; Riecke, Dennis K.; McMullen, Joseph; Ganus, J. Eric; Steffensen, Kirk D.; Kramer, Nicholas W.; Shattuck, Zachary R. (December 2021). "The Sport Fish Restoration Program as a Funding Source to Manage and Monitor Bowfishing and Monitor Inland Commercial Fisheries". Fisheries. 46 (12): 595–604. Bibcode:2021Fish...46..595S. doi:10.1002/fsh.10679. ISSN 0363-2415.
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference :8 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ a b Rypel, Andrew L.; Saffarinia, Parsa; Vaughn, Caryn C.; Nesper, Larry; O’Reilly, Katherine; Parisek, Christine A.; Miller, Matthew L.; Moyle, Peter B.; Fangue, Nann A.; Bell-Tilcock, Miranda; Ayers, David; David, Solomon R. (December 2021). "Goodbye to "Rough Fish": Paradigm Shift in the Conservation of Native Fishes". Fisheries. 46 (12): 605–616. Bibcode:2021Fish...46..605R. doi:10.1002/fsh.10660. ISSN 0363-2415.
  8. ^ Love, Seth A.; Tripp, Sara J.; Phelps, Quinton E. (July 2019). "Age and Growth of Middle Mississippi River Smallmouth Buffalo". The American Midland Naturalist. 182 (1): 118–123. doi:10.1674/0003-0031-182.1.118. ISSN 0003-0031. S2CID 199636657.
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ a b Long, James M.; Snow, Richard A.; Shoup, Daniel E.; Bartnicki, Jory B. (2023-06-09). "Validation and Comparison of Age Estimates for Smallmouth Buffalo in Oklahoma Based on Otoliths, Pectoral Fin Rays, and Opercula". North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 43 (3): 618–627. Bibcode:2023NAJFM..43..618L. doi:10.1002/nafm.10865. ISSN 0275-5947.
  11. ^ a b c Lackmann, Alec R.; Andrews, Allen H.; Butler, Malcolm G.; Bielak-Lackmann, Ewelina S.; Clark, Mark E. (2019-05-23). "Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus sets freshwater teleost record as improved age analysis reveals centenarian longevity". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 197. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0452-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6533251. PMID 31149641.