Smoke point

"Burning point" redirects here. For the Finnish band, see Burning Point.
"Burning point" redirects here. For the lowest temperature at which a substance starts burning, see Autoignition temperature.

The smoke point, also referred to as the burning point, is the temperature at which an oil or fat begins to produce a continuous bluish smoke that becomes clearly visible, dependent upon specific and defined conditions.[1] Smoke point values can vary greatly, depending on factors such as the volume of oil utilized, the size of the container, the presence of air currents, the type and source of light as well as the quality of the oil and its acidity content, otherwise known as free fatty acid (FFA) content.[2] The more FFA an oil contains, the quicker it will break down and start smoking.[2][3] The lower the value of FFA, the higher the smoke point.[4] However, the FFA content typically represents less than 1% of the total oil and consequently renders smoke point a poor indicator of the capacity of a fat or oil to withstand heat.[4][5][6]

  1. ^ American Oil Chemists' Society (2011). "AOCS Official Method Cc 9a-48, Smoke, Flash and Fire Points Cleveland Open Cup Method". Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS - (6th ed.). Champaign, Ill. : American Oil Chemists' Society.
  2. ^ a b Thomas, Alfred (2002). Fats and Fatty Oils. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wenheim: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
  3. ^ Bastida, SS; et al. (2001). "Thermal oxidation of olive oil, sunflower oil and a mix of both oils during forty continuous domestic fryings of different foods". Food Science and Technology International. 7: 15–21. doi:10.1106/1898-plw3-6y6h-8k22. S2CID 97919860.
  4. ^ a b Gennaro, L.; et al. (1998). "Effect of biophenols on olive oil stability evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 46 (11): 4465–4469. doi:10.1021/jf980562q.
  5. ^ Gomez-Alonso, S.; et al. (2003). "Changes in phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of virgin olive oil during frying". J Agric Food Chem. 51 (3): 667–72. doi:10.1021/jf025932w. PMID 12537439.
  6. ^ Chen, W.; et al. (2013). "Total polar compounds and acid values of repeatedly used frying oils measured by standard and rapid methods" (PDF). J Food Drug Anal. 21 (1): 85.