Sodium hydride

Sodium hydride
Sodium hydride
Space-filling model of part of the crystal structure of sodium hydride
  Sodium cation, Na+
  Hydrogen anion, H−
Names
IUPAC name
Sodium hydride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.716 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 231-587-3
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Na.H ☒N
    Key: MPMYQQHEHYDOCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ☒N
  • InChI=1/Na.H/q+1;-1
    Key: BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYAY
  • InChI=1S/Na.H/q+1;-1
    Key: BZKBCQXYZZXSCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [H-].[Na+]
Properties
NaH
Molar mass 23.998 g/mol[1]
Appearance white or grey solid
Density 1.39 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 638 °C (1,180 °F; 911 K)(decomposes)[1]
Reacts with water[1]
Solubility insoluble in all solvents
Band gap 3.51 eV (predicted)[2]
1.470[3]
Structure
fcc (NaCl), cF8
Fm3m, No. 225
a = 498 pm
4
Octahedral (Na+)
Octahedral (H−)
Thermochemistry[5][4]
36.4 J/mol K
40.0 J·mol−1·K−1[4]
−56.3 kJ·mol−1
-33.5 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 highly corrosive, reacts violently with water or humid air.
GHS labelling:[6]
Water-react. 1
Danger
H260
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazard W: Reacts with water in an unusual or dangerous manner. E.g. sodium, sulfuric acid
3
3
2
W
Flash point combustible
Safety data sheet (SDS) External MSDS
Related compounds
Other anions
 Sodium borohydride
Sodium hydroxide
Other cations
 Lithium hydride
Potassium hydride
Rubidium hydride
Caesium hydride
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula NaH. This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong yet combustible base in organic synthesis. NaH is a saline (salt-like) hydride, composed of Na+ and H− ions, in contrast to molecular hydrides such as borane, silane, germane, ammonia, and methane. It is an ionic material that is insoluble in all solvents (other than molten sodium metal), consistent with the fact that H− ions do not exist in solution.

  1. ^ a b c d Haynes, p. 4.86
  2. ^ Singh, S.; Eijt, S. W. H. (30 December 2008). "Hydrogen vacancies facilitate hydrogen transport kinetics in sodium hydride nanocrystallites". Physical Review B. 78 (22): 224110. Bibcode:2008PhRvB..78v4110S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.78.224110.
  3. ^ Batsanov, Stepan S.; Ruchkin, Evgeny D.; Poroshina, Inga A. (2016). Refractive Indices of Solids. Springer. p. 35. ISBN 978-981-10-0797-2.
  4. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A23. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
  5. ^ Haynes, p. 5.35
  6. ^ Index no. 001-002-00-4 of Annex VI, Part 3, to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. OJEU L353, 31.12.2008, pp 1–1355 at p 340.
  7. ^ "New Environment Inc. – NFPA Chemicals". newenv.com. Archived from the original on 2016-08-27.