Spondylolisthesis

Not to be confused with Spondylosis, Spondylitis, Spondylolysis, or Norman Lebrecht.
Spondylolisthesis
Other namesOlisthesis
X-ray of the lateral lumbar spine with a grade III anterolisthesis at the L5-S1 level
Pronunciation
SpecialtyOrthopedics

Spondylolisthesis is when one spinal vertebra slips out of place compared to another.[1] While some medical dictionaries define spondylolisthesis specifically as the forward or anterior displacement of a vertebra over the vertebra inferior to it (or the sacrum),[2][3] it is often defined in medical textbooks as displacement in any direction.[4][5]

Spondylolisthesis is graded based upon the degree of slippage of one vertebral body relative to the subsequent adjacent vertebral body.[6] Spondylolisthesis is classified as one of the six major etiologies: degenerative, traumatic, dysplastic, isthmic, pathologic, or post-surgical.[7] Spondylolisthesis most commonly occurs in the lumbar spine, primarily at the L5-S1 level, with the L5 vertebral body anteriorly translating over the S1 vertebral body.[7]

  1. ^ "Adult Spondylolisthesis in the Low Back - OrthoInfo". OrthoInfo.
  2. ^ "spondylolisthesis". Merriam-Webster medical dictionary. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
  3. ^ "spondylolisthesis". Farlex medical dictionary. Retrieved 2017-09-07., in turn citing:
    • Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. Copyright date 2003
    • Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. Copyright date 2007
    • The American Heritage Medical Dictionary. Copyright date 2007
    • Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 9th edition
    • McGraw-Hill Concise Dictionary of Modern Medicine. Copyright date 2002
    • Collins Dictionary of Medicine. Copyright date 2005
  4. ^ Introduction to chapter 17 in: Thomas J. Errico, Baron S. Lonner, Andrew W. Moulton (2009). Surgical Management of Spinal Deformities. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9781416033721.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Page 250 in: Walter R. Frontera, Julie K. Silver, Thomas D. Rizzo (2014). Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323222723.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Shamrock, Alan G.; Donnally III, Chester J.; Varacallo, Matthew (2019), "Lumbar Spondylolysis And Spondylolisthesis", StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, PMID 28846329, retrieved 2019-10-28
  7. ^ a b Tenny, Steven; Gillis, Christopher C. (2019), "Spondylolisthesis", StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, PMID 28613518, retrieved 2019-10-28