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 Former head office of the Gosbank in Moscow, originally the branch of the State Bank of the Russian Empire | |
| Headquarters | 12 Neglinnaya str., Moscow, Soviet Union |
|---|---|
| Established | October 1921 |
| Dissolved | 20 December 1991 |
| Central bank of |  Soviet Union |
| Currency | Soviet ruble SUR (ISO 4217) |
| Preceded by | State Bank of the Russian Empire (1860–1917) People's Bank (1917-1920) |
| Succeeded by | Central Bank of Armenia Central Bank of Azerbaijan National Bank of the Republic of Belarus Bank of Estonia National Bank of Georgia National Bank of Kazakhstan National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic Bank of Latvia Bank of Lithuania National Bank of Moldova Bank of Russia National Bank of Tajikistan Central Bank of Turkmenistan National Bank of Ukraine Central Bank of Uzbekistan |
The State Bank of the USSR (Russian: Государственный банк СССР, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy bank SSSR), from 1921 to 1923 State Bank of the RSFSR and commonly referred to as Gosbank (Russian: Госбанк), was the central bank and main component of the single-tier banking system of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991. After an extended gap in 1920–1921, it took over the legacy of the State Bank of the Russian Empire. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, it was terminated on 1 March 1992 and its local operations were taken over by the newly formed central banks of the post-Soviet states such as the National Bank of Kazakhstan, Central Bank of Russia (CBR), or National Bank of Ukraine, while the CBR inherited its central operations.
The Gosbank was one of the three main Soviet economic authorities, the other two being Gosplan (the State Planning Committee) and Gossnab (the State Committee for Material Technical Supply). It closely collaborated with the Soviet Ministry of Finance to prepare the national state budget.