Stimulator of interferon genes

STING1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4EF4, 4EF5, 4EMT, 4EMU, 4F5D, 4F5E, 4F5W, 4F5Y, 4F9E, 4F9G, 4KSY, 4LOH, 4LOI, 4QXO, 4QXP, 4QXQ, 4QXR, 5BQX, 5JEJ
Identifiers
Aliases	STING1, ERIS, MITA, MPYS, NET23, SAVI, STING, hMITA, hSTING, Stimulator of interferon genes, transmembrane protein 173, STING-beta, TMEM173, stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1
External IDs	OMIM: 612374; MGI: 1919762; HomoloGene: 18868; GeneCards: STING1; OMA:STING1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5q31.2 Start 139,475,533 bp[1] End 139,482,935 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] Band 18 B2|18 Start 35,866,732 bp[2] End 35,873,607 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right uterine tube olfactory zone of nasal mucosa granulocyte gastric mucosa right coronary artery upper lobe of left lung Descending thoracic aorta left uterine tube apex of heart ascending aorta Top expressed in lumbar spinal ganglion mesenteric lymph nodes endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel interventricular septum spleen tail of embryo blood thymus cervix internal carotid artery More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function nucleotide binding cyclic-di-GMP binding protein homodimerization activity transcription factor binding protein binding identical protein binding protein kinase binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding 2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP binding Cellular component cytoplasm integral component of membrane Golgi apparatus endoplasmic reticulum membrane membrane peroxisome mitochondrial outer membrane mitochondrion endoplasmic reticulum perinuclear region of cytoplasm cytoplasmic vesicle membrane plasma membrane secretory granule membrane Biological process interferon-beta production cellular response to interferon-beta immune system process regulation of type I interferon production defense response to virus cellular response to exogenous dsRNA activation of innate immune response positive regulation of protein binding positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of defense response to virus by host apoptotic process innate immune response neutrophil degranulation cellular response to organic cyclic compound viral process positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity positive regulation of type I interferon production regulation of gene expression regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of inflammatory response cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in response to virus Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 340061 72512 Ensembl ENSG00000184584 ENSG00000288243 ENSMUSG00000024349 UniProt Q86WV6 Q3TBT3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001301738 NM_198282 NM_001367258 NM_001289591 NM_001289592 NM_028261 RefSeq (protein) NP_001288667 NP_938023 NP_001354187 NP_001276520 NP_001276521 NP_082537 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 139.48 – 139.48 Mb Chr 18: 35.87 – 35.87 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), also known as transmembrane protein 173 (TMEM173) and MPYS/MITA/ERIS is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STING1 gene.^[5]

STING plays an important role in innate immunity. STING induces type I interferon production when cells are infected with intracellular pathogens, such as viruses, mycobacteria and intracellular parasites.^[6] Type I interferon, mediated by STING, protects infected cells and nearby cells from local infection by binding to the same cell that secretes it (autocrine signaling) and nearby cells (paracrine signaling.) It thus plays an important role, for instance, in controlling norovirus infection.^[7]

STING works as both a direct cytosolic DNA sensor (CDS) and an adaptor protein in Type I interferon signaling through different molecular mechanisms. It has been shown to activate downstream transcription factors STAT6 and IRF3 through TBK1, which are responsible for antiviral response and innate immune response against intracellular pathogen.^[8]