Sukkalmah dynasty

Sukkalmah dynasty Epartid dynasty
Dynasty
A map of the Near East detailing the geopolitical situation in the region during the Sukkalmah dynasty c. 1600 BC occupied by various contemporaneous civilizations such as those of the:   Hattians   Minoans   Elamites   Hyksos   Egyptians   Assyrians   Babylonians   Sumerians   Eteocypriots   Dilmunites   Nubians Adamdun Anshan Awan? Der Eshnunna Hidali? Hurti? Kimash? Liyan Shimashki? Susa Urua? class=notpageimage| A clickable map of Iran detailing cities that may have been occupied by the Elamites.
Parent family	Shimashki dynasty
Country	Elam
Founded	c. 1980 BC (c. 1980 BC)
Founder	Shilhaha (fl. c. 1980 – c. 1635 BC) (Eparti II, fl. c. 1980 – c. 1830 BC)
Final ruler	Kutir-Nahhunte II (fl. c. 1710 – c. 1450 BC)
Final head	Siwe-Palar-Khuppak (r. c. 1778 – c. 1745 BC)
Historic seat	Susa
Titles	List Sukkalmah Sukkal Sukkal of Susa Sukkal of Elam and Shimashki and Susa Sukkal and Ippir of Susa King of Anshan and Susa King of Simashki Enlarger of the Empire Governor of Elam Prince of Elam Governor of Susa Shepherd of the people of Susa Shepherd of Inshushinak
Connected families	Awan dynasty
Dissolution	c. 1450 BC (c. 1450 BC)
The Elamites remained a major source of tension for the Sumerians, Akkadians, Amorites, Assyrians, Babylonians, and Kassites centuries after the Old Elamite empire reached its peak during the reign of Siwe-Palar-Khuppak.

History of Greater Iran
Pre-Islamic BCE / BC Prehistory Kura–Araxes culture c. 3400 – c. 2000 Proto-Elamite civilization 3200–2800 Elamite dynasties 2800–550 Jiroft culture Mannaea Lullubi/Zamua Gutians Cyrtian Corduene Bactria–Margiana Complex 2200–1700 Avestan period c. 1500 BCE – 500 BCE Kingdom of Mannai 10th–7th century Neo-Assyrian Empire 911–609 Urartu 860–590 Median Empire 728–550 Scythian Kingdom 652–625 Achaemenid Empire 550–330 Ancient kingdom of Armenia 331 BCE – 428 CE Seleucid Empire 330–150 Caucasian Iberia c. 302 BCE – 580 CE Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 250–125 Parthian Empire 248 BCE–224 CE Caucasian Albania 2nd century BCE – 8th century CE Roman Empire 27 BCE – 330 CE CE / AD Kushan Empire 30–275 Sasanian Empire 224–651 Afrighid dynasty 305–995 Hephthalite Empire 425–557 Kabul Shahi kingdom 565–879 Dabuyid dynasty 642–760 Bagratid Armenia 880s – 1045 Alania 8th/9th century – 1238 / 9 Kingdom of Georgia 1008–1490
Islamic Rashidun Caliphate 637–651 Umayyad Caliphate 661–750 Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258 Shirvanshah 799–1607 Tahirid dynasty 821–873 Dulafid dynasty 840–897 Zaydis of Tabaristan 864–928 Saffarid dynasty 861–1003 Samanid Empire 819–999 Sajid dynasty 889/90–929 Ziyarid dynasty 928–1043 Buyid dynasty 934–1055 Sallarid dynasty 941–1062 Ghaznavid Empire 975–1187 Ghurid dynasty pre-879 – 1215 Seljuk Empire 1037–1194 Khwarazmian dynasty 1077–1231 Sultanate of Rum 1077–1307 Salghurids 1148–1282 Ilkhanate 1256–1353 Kart dynasty 1231–1389 Ottoman Empire 1299–1923 Muzaffarid dynasty 1314–1393 Chupanid dynasty 1337–1357 Jalairid Sultanate 1339–1432 Timurid Empire 1370–1507 Qara Qoyunlu Turcomans 1407–1468 Aq Qoyunlu Turcomans 1378–1508 Safavid Empire 1501–1722 Mughal Empire 1526–1857 Hotak dynasty 1722–1729 Afsharid Iran 1736–1750 Zand dynasty 1750–1794 Durrani Empire 1794–1826 Qajar Iran 1794–1925
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The Sukkalmah (c. 1900 – c. 1500 BC) or Epartid dynasty (named after the title sukkalmah used by many of the dynasty’s rulers; as well as, the eponymous founder Ebarat II/Eparti II),^[1][2] was an early dynasty of West Asia in the ancient region of Elam, to the southeast of Babylonia. It corresponds to the third Paleo-Elamite period (dated to c. 1880 – c. 1450 BC). The Sukkalmah dynasty followed the Shimashki dynasty (c. 2200 – c. 1900 BC).^[3][4] The title of Sukkalmah means "Grand Regent" and was used by some (but not all) Elamite rulers.^[3] Numerous cuneiform documents and inscriptions remain from this period, particularly from the area of Susa, making the Sukkalmah period one of the best documented in Elamite history.^[3]