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| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682130 |
| Routes of administration | Topical cream, by mouth |
| Drug class | Antibiotic (sulfonamide)[1] |
| ATC code | |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Protein binding | 38-48%[1] |
| Metabolism | Liver (acetylation)[1] |
| Elimination half-life | 7-17 hours [1] |
| Excretion | Urine [1] |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| ChEMBL | |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.623 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C10H10N4O2S |
| Molar mass | 250.28 g·mol−1 |
| Melting point | 252 to 256 °C (486 to 493 °F) |
  (what is this?) (verify) | |
Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic.[1] Used together with pyrimethamine, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it is the treatment of choice for toxoplasmosis, which is caused by a protozoan parasite.[3] It is a second-line treatment for otitis media, prophylaxis of rheumatic fever, chancroid, chlamydia, and infections by Haemophilus influenzae.[1] It is also used as adjunct therapy for chloroquine-resistant malaria and several forms of bacterial meningitis.[4] It is taken by mouth.[1] Sulfadiazine is available in multiple generic tablets of 500 mg. For urinary tract infections, the usual dose is 4 to 6 grams daily in 3 to 6 divided doses.[4]
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, fever, rash, depression, and pancreatitis.[1] It should not be used in people who have severe liver problems, kidney problems, or porphyria.[3] If used during pregnancy, it may increase the risk of kernicterus in the baby.[1] While the company that makes it does not recommend use during breastfeeding, use is believed to be safe if the baby is otherwise healthy.[2] It is in the sulfonamide class of medications.[1]
Sulfadiazine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1941.[1][5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] Sulfadiazine is available as a generic medication.[1]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Sulfadiazine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
- ^ a b "Sulfadiazine Use During Pregnancy | Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
- ^ a b World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. pp. 126, 205. hdl:10665/44053. ISBN 9789241547659.
- ^ a b "Sulfadiazine", LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2012, PMID 31643992, retrieved 2021-12-27
- ^ "Drugs@FDA: FDA Approved Drug Products". www.accessdata.fda.gov. Retrieved 11 November 2018.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.