Surat

This article is about the city in Gujarat, India. For other uses, see Surat (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Surat Thani.

Surat
Metropolis
From top: Tapi River panorama, Surat Diamond Bourse, Gaurav path, University Road, Swaminarayan Mandir, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Indoor Stadium, Vesu Skyline, Science Centre, Surat, Surat Airport
Nickname: 
Diamond City of India [1]
Surat is located in Gujarat
Surat
Surat
Surat (Gujarat)
Surat is located in India
Surat
Surat
Surat (India)
Coordinates: 21°12′18″N 72°50′24″E / 21.20500°N 72.84000°E / 21.20500; 72.84000
Country India
StateGujarat
DistrictSurat
Zone7
Named forSurya
Government
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • Body
 • MayorDaxesh Mavani (BJP)[2]
 • Municipal CommissionerSmt. Shalini Agarwal, IAS
 • Police CommissionerAnupam Singh Gahlot IPS[3]
Area
[4][5]
 • Metropolis461.60 km2 (178.22 sq mi)
 • Metro
722 km2 (279 sq mi)
Elevation
34.68 m (113.78 ft)
Population
 (2021)[4][6][7][8]
 • Metropolis6,936,534
 • Rank2nd in Gujarat
 • Density15,000/km2 (39,000/sq mi)
 • Metro rank
9th
 • Demonym
Surati
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Pincode(s)
394xxx, 395xxx
Area code0261
Vehicle registrationGJ-05, GJ-19, GJ-28[9]
Sex ratio1.27[10] ♂/♀
Coastline35 km (22 mi)
LanguageGujarati
Literacy rate86.65%[11]
Gross domestic product$60 billion[12]
Websitewww.suratmunicipal.gov.in https://surat.nic.in/
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Surat (Gujarati: [suɾət]) is a city in the western Indian state of Gujarat. The word Surat directly translates to face in Urdu, Gujarati and Hindi. Located on the banks of the river Tapti near its confluence with the Arabian Sea, it used to be a large seaport. It is now the commercial and economic centre of South Gujarat, and one of the largest urban areas of western India. It has well-established diamond and textile industry, and is a major supply centre for apparels and accessories. About 90% of the world's diamonds are cut and polished in Surat.[13][14][15] It is the second largest city in Gujarat after Ahmedabad and the eighth largest city by population and ninth largest urban agglomeration in India. It is the administrative capital of the Surat district.

The city is located 284 km (176 mi) south of the state capital, Gandhinagar; 265 km (165 mi) south of Ahmedabad; and 289 km (180 mi) north of Mumbai. The city centre is located on the Tapti River (popularly known as Tapi), close to the Arabian Sea.[16]

Surat will be the world's fastest-growing city from 2019 to 2035, according to a study conducted by Economic Times.[17] The city registered an annualised GDP growth rate of 11.5% over the seven fiscal years between 2001 and 2008.[18] Surat was awarded "best city" by the Annual Survey of India's City-Systems (ASICS) in 2013.[19] Surat has been selected as the first smart IT city in India which is being constituted by the Microsoft CityNext Initiative tied up with IT services majors Tata Consultancy Services and Wipro.[20] The city has 2.97 million internet users, about 65% of total population.[21] Surat was selected in 2015 for an IBM Smarter Cities Challenge grant.[22][23] Surat has been selected as one of twenty Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission.[24] Surat is also home to the world's largest office building by floor area, the Surat Diamond Bourse.

Surat is listed as the second cleanest city of India as of 21 August 2020 according to the Swachh Survekshan 2020 on 20 August.[25][26] It suffered a major pipeline fire which caused some damage.[27] In the 2021 edition of the same survey, it slipped to 12th place and further dropped to 25th in 2023. Despite these recent fluctuations, Surat continues to implement various cleanliness initiatives and shared the title of the cleanest city in India with Indore in the 2023 Swachh Survekshan Awards, highlighting its ongoing efforts towards maintaining high cleanliness standards.

  1. ^ "Surat: India's 'Diamond City' finds ways to keep its sparkle". May 2017. Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 1 August 2018.
  2. ^ "Ashmita Shiroya is Surat's New Mayor". tv9gujarati. 12 February 2016. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  3. ^ "પોલીસ કમિશનરશ્રીની કચેરી, સુરત". Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
  4. ^ a b "Surat City Expansion". The Times of India. 19 June 2020. Archived from the original on 6 January 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  5. ^ "Statistics for Surat Municipal Corporation". Official website of Surat Municipal Corporation. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  6. ^ "District Census Handbook – Surat" (PDF). Census of India. p. 40. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
  7. ^ "World urban areas" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 August 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  8. ^ "Population of Surat City". Archived from the original on 6 August 2022. Retrieved 19 August 2022.
  9. ^ "SURAT GETS ADDL GJ-5 & GJ-28 SERIES FOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION". dnaindia.com. Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  10. ^ "Distribution of Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Sex-Ratio and Population Density". 2011 census of India. Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  11. ^ "Literacy Rates by Sext for State and District". 2011 census of India. Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 25 June 2012.
  12. ^ "Surat Sparkles, but pace lags for want of wings, wheels". The Times of India. 27 March 2023.
  13. ^ "Surat, The City That Cuts 90% Of The World's Diamonds". Israeli Diamond Industry Journal. 10 October 2016. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  14. ^ "For the last 15 years Surat's diamond polishing Industry has evolved at jet speed. Here are the reasons why". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
  15. ^ "Surat Diamond Bourse to start operations from September". The Times of India. 29 January 2021. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2021. Surat manufactures more than 90% of the diamonds in the world
  16. ^ "History of Surat". Archived from the original on 5 January 2012.
  17. ^ "Fastest growing city in world". The Economic Times. Archived from the original on 25 November 2010. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  18. ^ Agencies (29 January 2008). "GDP growth: Surat fastest, Mumbai largest". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on 24 September 2014. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  19. ^ "Best City in India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
  20. ^ "Microsoft CityNext initiative set to the launch First smart IT city in India". Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  21. ^ "Mumbai has highest number of Internet users in India: Study". 4 November 2014. Archived from the original on 15 June 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
  22. ^ Cite error: The named reference Smarter Cities was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  23. ^ "Surat, India 2015 challenge". IBM Smarter Cities. IBM. Archived from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 21 January 2017.
  24. ^ "Government releases list of 20 smart cities – Times of India". The Times of India. 28 January 2016. Archived from the original on 2 February 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  25. ^ "India's cleanest cities 2020 list: Madhya Pradesh's Indore emerges as cleanest city; check top 10". The Financial Express. 20 August 2020. Archived from the original on 31 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  26. ^ "Swachh Survekshan 2020: Full rankings, check here to see if your city is on the list". India Today. 20 August 2020. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
  27. ^ "India explosion : Massive fire at ONGC plant in Gujarat - Sep. 24, 2020". YouTube. 24 September 2020. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2020.