Tacuara Nationalist Movement Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara | |
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| Leader | Alberto Ezcurra Uriburu, José Joe Baxter, Óscar Denovi and Eduardo Rosa |
| Founded | 1957 |
| Dissolved | 1966 |
| Ideology | Neo-Nazism Fascism Clerical fascism Orthodox Peronism Falangism Catholic nationalism |
| Political position | Far-right |
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The Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara (MNT, Tacuara Nationalist Movement) was an Argentine far right, orthodox Peronist, and fascist movement.[1][2][3] While officially established in 1957, its activities started in 1955,[4] and continued through the 1960s, being integrated in Juan Perón's right-wing "Special Formations". Linked to the more radical sectors of the Peronist movement and directly inspired by Julio Meinvielle's Catholic pronouncements, Tacuara defended nationalist, Catholic, anti-liberal, anti-communist, antisemitic, and anti-democratic ideas, and had as its first model José Antonio Primo de Rivera's fascist Falange Española. In the years 1960–1966, the movement incorporated neo-Nazi elements.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
Its main leaders were Alberto Ezcurra Uriburu, José Luis "Joe" Baxter,[14] Óscar Denovi, and Eduardo Rosa. Various ideologically contradictory movements emerged from this group. After three important splits in the early 1960s, the police cracked down on most factions in March 1964. A year later, the entire MNT was outlawed by then president Arturo Illia of the Radical Civic Union. Composed of young people from right-wing backgrounds, it has been called the "first urban guerrilla group in Argentina".[15]
A tacuara was a rudimentary lance used by gaucho militias (known in Argentina as Montoneras) during the Argentine war of independence. It consisted of a knife blade tied to a stalk of taquara cane. It has been rumored that the organization was secretly run by the son of Adolf Eichmann.[16]
- ^ EISENBERG, DENNIS (1967). THE RE-EMERGENCE OF FASCISM.
- ^ Hodges, Donald C. (15 March 2011). Argentina's "Dirty War": An Intellectual Biography. University of Texas Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-292-72947-6.
- ^ Bascomb, Neal (27 August 2013). The Nazi Hunters: How a Team of Spies and Survivors Captured the World's Most Notorious Nazis. Scholastic Inc. ISBN 978-0-545-56239-3.
- ^ Finchelstein, Federico (21 March 2014). The Ideological Origins of the Dirty War: Fascism, Populism, and Dictatorship in Twentieth Century Argentina. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-939650-4.
- ^ "Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress", Volume 111, Part 12 United States. Congress U.S. Government Printing Office (1965). p.15915. April 27, 1964: The Argentine Arab Youth Movement distributed leaflets inviting the public to a "big demonstration in support of the Arab League.".. At the meeting, slogans such as "Long Live Hitler," "Nasser and Peron," "Jews to the Crematoria" and "Make Soap out of the Jews" were voiced by participants, many of whom were identified by their uniforms, as well as by their Nazi salute, as members of Tacuara and Guardia Restauradora Nacionalista, neo-Nazi groups.
- ^ Sebastian Rotella, "Argentine Official Quits Amid Outcry Over Neo-Nazi Past". The Los Angeles Times July 12, 1996. ...Tacuara, a neo-Nazi organization that committed acts of anti-Semitic brutality in the 1960s.
- ^ "Move to Left Splits Argentine Nazis". The New York Times. 19 January 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- ^ "ARGENTINE NAZIS LINKED TO HOLDUP; Banknotes Lead Police to 7 in Anti-Semitic Gang". The New York Times. 25 March 1964. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- ^ Levy, Richard S. (2005). Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution. ABC-CLIO. p. 697. ISBN 978-1-85109-439-4. Tacuara Movimiento Nacionalista. Tacuara, widely known for its struggle against the Jews, was a nationalist and neo-Nazi group that emerged in Argentina in the early 1960s.
- ^ O. Rich. "Tacuara! White slavery and the Nazi Party in Buenos Aires". www.goodreads.com. Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ Gutman, Daniel (17 January 2020). "Una cruz esvástica marcada en el pecho y la sombra de Eichmann: el estremecedor ataque a una joven judía". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved 11 September 2020.
- ^ "Los árabes apoyan en la ONU a los nazis de Tacuara", La Luz, año 32, nº 816, 14 de diciembre de 1962, pp. 3 y 8 ["The Arabs support at the UN the Nazis of Tacuara"]
- ^ "Number of Neo-nazis Sentenced in Argentine for Killing Jew". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 20 June 1966. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
- ^ "Dictionary of Irish Latin American Biography: "Baxter, José Luis [Joe] (1940-1973)"". irlandeses.org. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
- ^ Daniel Gutman, Tacuara, historia de la primera guerrilla urbana argentina
- ^ Coogan, Kevin (1999). Dreamer of the day: Francis Parker Yockey and the Postwar Fascist International. Brooklyn, New York: Autonomedia. ISBN 1-57027-039-2.