Tangshan

For other uses, see Tangshan (disambiguation).
Tangshan
唐山市
Prefecture-level city
From top, left to right: Eastern Qing tombs, Tangshan Southlake Convention & Exhibition Center, Dachengshan Park, Cao Xueqin Cultural Park, Tangshan Art Museum
Nickname: 
Phoenix City (凤凰城)
Map
Location of Tangshan City jurisdiction in Hebei
Location of Tangshan City jurisdiction in Hebei
Tangshan is located in Hebei
Tangshan
Tangshan
Location of the city centre in Hebei
Tangshan is located in Northern China
Tangshan
Tangshan
Tangshan (Northern China)
Tangshan is located in China
Tangshan
Tangshan
Tangshan (China)
Coordinates (Tangshan government): 39°37′46″N 118°10′26″E / 39.62944°N 118.17389°E / 39.62944; 118.17389
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHebei
EstablishedJanuary 28, 1938
Municipal seatLubei District
Government
 • Party SecretaryJiao Yanlong (焦彦龙)
 • MayorDing Xiufeng (丁绣峰)
Area
13,472 km2 (5,202 sq mi)
 • Metro
3,874 km2 (1,496 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)[1]
7,717,983
 • Density570/km2 (1,500/sq mi)
 • Urban
4,963,907
 • Metro
3,687,607
 • Metro density950/km2 (2,500/sq mi)
GDP[2]
 • Prefecture-level cityCN¥ 891 billion
US$ 100 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 86,667
US$12,563
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
063000
Area code315
ISO 3166 codeCN-HE-02
License Plate Prefix冀B
Websitetangshan.gov.cn
Tangshan
Chinese唐山
Literal meaning"Mountain of Tang" (Dacheng Hill)
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTángshān
Wade–GilesT'ang2-shan1
IPA[tʰǎŋ.ʂán]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale RomanizationTòhng-sāan
JyutpingTong4-saan1
IPA[tʰɔŋ˩.san˥]
Huimin Yuan Apartments, Zhengtai Li, Lunan, Tangshan, Hebei

Tangshan (Chinese: 唐山; pinyin: Tángshān) is a coastal, industrial prefecture-level city in the northeast of Hebei province. It is located in the eastern part of Hebei Province and the northeastern part of the North China Plain. It is located in the central area of the Bohai Rim and serves as the main traffic corridor to the Northeast. The city faces the Bohai Sea in the south, the Yan Mountains in the north, Qinhuangdao across the Luan River to the east, and Tianjin to the west.

Much of the city's development is thanks to the industrialization, beginning in 1870, when Kailuan Group established coal mines in the region. It's the birthplace of China's first standard-gauge railway,[3] the first railway plant,[4] the first steam locomotive,[5] and the first cement factory.[6] It was hailed as China's "cradle of industrialization". Even today, Tangshan is a hub of steel, energy, chemical, and ceramics production.[7] Ping opera, which originated from the city's Luanzhou county, is one of the five most popular Chinese operas.

The city has also become known for the 1976 Tangshan earthquake which measured 7.8 on the Richter scale, flattened much of the city, and killed at least 255,000 residents according to official estimates. The city has since been rebuilt, has become a tourist attraction, and is among the 10 largest ports in China.[8]

The city of Tangshan is approximately 149 km (93 mi) east by south east of Beijing and 110 km (68 mi) northwest of Tianjin.[9] Tangshan's prefecture population was 7,717,983 at the 2020 census, with 3,687,607 in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 7 urban core districts.

  1. ^ "China: Hébĕi (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". Archived from the original on 2015-01-02. Retrieved 2015-01-02.
  2. ^ 河北省统计局、国家统计局河北调查总队. 《河北经济年鉴－2018》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5356-7824-9. Archived from the original on 2020-03-26. Retrieved 2019-07-11.
  3. ^ Xiangming Pan (2009). 唐胥铁路史实考辨. Jianghai Academic Journal (4): 185～191.
  4. ^ 工业概况-中国唐山. www.tangshan.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2018-08-28. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
  5. ^ 开滦国家矿山公园. www.kailuanpark.com. Archived from the original on 2018-08-27. Retrieved 2018-08-27.
  6. ^ Lei Yang. 开平矿务局创办中国第一家水泥厂. Archived from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2018-09-19.
  7. ^ 国务院关于印发"十三五"现代综合交通运输体系发展规划的通知_政府信息公开专栏. www.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2017-06-30. Retrieved 2018-08-27.
  8. ^ "Top 10 ports in China". www.china.org.cn. China Org. Archived from the original on 7 September 2017. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
  9. ^ The guide to port entry (21 ed.). London: IHS Fairplay guides. 1 January 2017.