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Charles II of England
(1630–1685) was king of
England
,
Scotland
and
Ireland
. He was king of Scotland from 1649 from
his father's execution
until being deposed by
Oliver Cromwell
in 1651, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from the
restoration of the monarchy
in 1660 until his death. Internationally, Charles became involved in the
Second
and
Third Anglo-Dutch Wars
. Domestically, Charles attempted to introduce
religious freedom
for Catholics and Protestant
dissenters
with his 1672
Royal Declaration of Indulgence
, but the
English Parliament
forced him to withdraw it.
Painting:
John Michael Wright
or studio
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