 | This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (January 2017) |
| Testicular dysgenesis syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Urology |
Testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) is a male reproduction-related condition characterized by the presence of symptoms and disorders such as hypospadias, cryptorchidism, poor semen quality, and testicular cancer. The concept was first introduced by N.E. Skakkebæk in a research paper along with the department of Growth and Reproduction in Copenhagen University.[1] The paper suggests the origin and underlying cause of TDS can be detected as early as in fetal life, where environmental and genomic factors could affect the development of the male reproductive system.[2]
- ^ Skakkebæk, N. E.; Meyts, E. Rajpert-De; Main, K. M. (2001-05-01). "Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects: Opinion". Human Reproduction. 16 (5): 972–978. doi:10.1093/humrep/16.5.972. ISSN 0268-1161. PMID 11331648.
- ^ VIRTANEN, H; RAJPERTDEMEYTS, E; MAIN, K; SKAKKEBÆK, N; TOPPARI, J (1 September 2005). "Testicular dysgenesis syndrome and the development and occurrence of male reproductive disorders". Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 207 (2): 501–505. doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.01.058. PMID 16005920.