Tetrafluoroammonium

Tetrafluoroammonium

2D model of the tetrafluoroammonium ion
Names
IUPAC name
Tetrafluoroammonium
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
2028
  • InChI=1S/F4N/c1-5(2,3)4/q+1
    Key: LDOAUKNENSIPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [N+](F)(F)(F)F
Properties
F4N+
Molar mass 90.000 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

The tetrafluoroammonium cation (also known as perfluoroammonium) is a positively charged polyatomic ion with chemical formula NF+
4. It is equivalent to the ammonium ion where the hydrogen atoms surrounding the central nitrogen atom have been replaced by fluorine.[1] Tetrafluoroammonium ion is isoelectronic with tetrafluoromethane CF
4, trifluoramine oxide ONF
3, tetrafluoroborate BF−
4 anion and the tetrafluoroberyllate BeF2−
4 anion.

The tetrafluoroammonium ion forms salts with a large variety of fluorine-bearing anions. These include the bifluoride anion (HF−
2), tetrafluorobromate (BrF−
4), metal pentafluorides (MF−
5 where M is Ge, Sn, or Ti), hexafluorides (MF−
6 where M is P, As, Sb, Bi, or Pt), heptafluorides (MF−
7 where M is W, U, or Xe), octafluorides (XeF2−
8),[2] various oxyfluorides (MF
5O−
 where M is W or U; FSO−
3, BrF
4O−
), and perchlorate (ClO−
4).[3] Attempts to make the nitrate salt, NF
4NO
3, were unsuccessful because of quick fluorination: NF+
4 + NO−
3 → NF
3 + FONO
2.[4]

  1. ^ Nikitin, I. V.; Rosolovskii, V. Y. (1985). "Tetrafluoroammonium Salts". Russian Chemical Reviews. 54 (5): 426. Bibcode:1985RuCRv..54..426N. doi:10.1070/RC1985v054n05ABEH003068. S2CID 250864362.
  2. ^ Christe, K. O.; Wilson, W. W. (1982). "Perfluoroammonium and alkali-metal salts of the heptafluoroxenon(VI) and octafluoroxenon(VI) anions". Inorganic Chemistry. 21 (12): 4113–4117. doi:10.1021/ic00142a001.
  3. ^ Christe, K. O.; Wilson, W. W. (1986). "Synthesis and characterization of tetrafluoroammonium(1+) tetrafluorobromate(1-) and tetrafluoroammonium(1+) tetrafluorooxobromate(1-)". Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (11): 1904–1906. doi:10.1021/ic00231a038.
  4. ^ Hoge, B.; Christe, K. O. (2001). "On the stability of NF+
    4    NO−
    3     and a new synthesis of fluorine nitrate". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry. 110 (2): 87–88. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(01)00415-8.