Theacrine

Theacrine
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,3,7,9-Tetramethyl-7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione
	Other names 1,3,7,9-Tetramethyluric acid; Temurin; Temorine; Tetramethyluric acid; Tetramethyl uric acid; TeaCrine (trade name)
Identifiers
CAS Number	2309-49-1 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:139388;
ChemSpider	67862;
ECHA InfoCard	100.017.268
PubChem CID	75324;
UNII	EJ939L81MY ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID90177659 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C9H12N4O3/c1-10-5-6(11(2)8(10)15)12(3)9(16)13(4)7(5)14/h1-4H3 Key: QGDOQULISIQFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1/C9H12N4O3/c1-10-5-6(11(2)8(10)15)12(3)9(16)13(4)7(5)14/h1-4H3 Key: QGDOQULISIQFHQ-UHFFFAOYAN;
	SMILES CN1C2=C(N(C1=O)C)N(C(=O)N(C2=O)C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C9H12N4O3
Molar mass	224.220 g·mol−1
Melting point	226 °C (439 °F; 499 K)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Theacrine, also known as 1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid, is a purine alkaloid found in Cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum) and in a Chinese tea known as kucha (Chinese: 苦茶; pinyin: kǔ chá; lit. 'bitter tea') (Camellia assamica var. Kucha).^[1]^[2] It shows anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and appears to affect adenosine signalling in a manner similar to caffeine.^[2]^[3] In kucha leaves, theacrine is synthesized from caffeine in what is thought to be a three-step pathway.^[2] Theacrine and caffeine are structurally similar.

^ Zheng XQ, Ye CX, Kato M, Crozier A, Ashihara H (2002). "Theacrine (1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid) synthesis in leaves of a Chinese tea, kucha (Camellia assamica var. Kucha)". Phytochemistry. 60 (2): 129–34. Bibcode:2002PChem..60..129Z. doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00086-9. PMID 12009315.
^ ^a ^b ^c Feduccia AA, Wang Y, Simms JA, Yi HY, Li R, Bjeldanes L, Ye C, Bartlett SE (2012). "Locomotor activation by theacrine, a purine alkaloid structurally similar to caffeine: Involvement of adenosine and dopamine receptors". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 102 (2): 241–248. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2012.04.014. PMID 22579816. S2CID 31549989.
^ Wang Y, Yang X, Zheng X, Li J, Ye C, Song X (2010). "Theacrine, a purine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities". Fitoterapia. 81 (6): 627–631. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2010.03.008. PMID 20227468.

[1] Zheng XQ, Ye CX, Kato M, Crozier A, Ashihara H (2002). "Theacrine (1,3,7,9-tetramethyluric acid) synthesis in leaves of a Chinese tea, kucha (Camellia assamica var. Kucha)". Phytochemistry. 60 (2): 129–34. Bibcode:2002PChem..60..129Z. doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00086-9. PMID 12009315.

[:0-2] Feduccia AA, Wang Y, Simms JA, Yi HY, Li R, Bjeldanes L, Ye C, Bartlett SE (2012). "Locomotor activation by theacrine, a purine alkaloid structurally similar to caffeine: Involvement of adenosine and dopamine receptors". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 102 (2): 241–248. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2012.04.014. PMID 22579816. S2CID 31549989.

[:1-3] Wang Y, Yang X, Zheng X, Li J, Ye C, Song X (2010). "Theacrine, a purine alkaloid with anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities". Fitoterapia. 81 (6): 627–631. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2010.03.008. PMID 20227468.

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