| Tigran Petrosian Տիգրան Պետրոսյան | |
|---|---|
 Petrosian in 1962 | |
| Full name | Tigran Vardani Petrosian |
| Country | Soviet Union |
| Born | 17 June 1929 Tiflis, Georgian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Died | 13 August 1984 (aged 55) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Title | Grandmaster (1952) |
| World Champion | 1963–1969 |
| Peak rating | 2645 (July 1972) |
| Peak ranking | No. 3 (July 1972) |
Tigran Vardani Petrosian (Armenian: Տիգրան Վարդանի Պետրոսյան; Russian: Тигран Вартанович Петросян; 17 June 1929 – 13 August 1984) was a Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaster[1] and the ninth World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969. He was nicknamed "Iron Tigran" due to his almost-impenetrable defensive playing style, which emphasized safety above all else.[2][3] Petrosian is often credited with popularizing chess in Armenia.[4][5]
Petrosian was a candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight occasions (1953, 1956, 1959, 1962, 1971, 1974, 1977 and 1980). He won the World Championship in 1963 (against Mikhail Botvinnik), successfully defended it in 1966 (against Boris Spassky), and lost it to Spassky in 1969. Thus he was the defending World Champion or a World Championship Candidate in ten consecutive three-year cycles. He won the Soviet Championship four times (1959, 1961, 1969, and 1975).
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
1973CLRwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Vasiliev 1974, p. 27.
- ^ Kasparov 2004, pp. 7, 16, 62, 80.
- ^ Parkinson, Joe (3 December 2012). "Winning Move: Chess Reigns as Kingly Pursuit in Armenia". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
- ^ "In Armenia chess is king and grandmasters are stars". The Independent. 13 May 2010. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014.