Tissue transplantation is a surgical procedure involving the removal of tissue from a donor site or the creation of new tissue, followed by tissue transfer to the recipient site.[1][2] The aim of tissue transplantation is to repair or replace tissues that are missing, damaged, or diseased, thereby improving patients' survival, functionality and quality of life.[2]
The practice of tissue transplantation dates back to 1600 BC and has undergone vast advancements since then. The four main types of tissue transplantation are xenotransplantation, allotransplantation, isotransplantation and autotransplantation, while the common tissues transplanted include skin, bone, corneal and vessel grafts.[3]
Tissue transplantation comes with risks and complications, including immune rejection and viral infections. Other than concerns about medical risks, medical ethics are also key factors for consideration during tissue transplantation.
Further research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, immunosuppressants and gene editing holds the potential to enhance the efficiency and outcome of tissue transplantation.