W. A. P. Martin, headmaster, and other faculty members of the Tongwen Guan c.1900.
The School of Combined Learning, or the Tongwen Guan was a government school for teaching Western languages and science, founded at Beijing in 1862, right after the conclusion of the Second Opium War, as part of the Self-Strengthening Movement.[1] Its establishment was intimately linked to the establishment of the Zongli Yamen, the Qing office of foreign affairs.
