Toussaint Loua (1824 – 1907) was a French statistician and was credited for inventing the heat map in information visualization.[1][2]
- ^ a b "Milestones in the History of Thematic Cartography, Statistical Graphics, and Data Visualization". www.datavis.ca. Retrieved 2022-12-26.
- ^ Hirsch, Agnès; Reeve, Paul (24 June 2022). "Classifying Individuals by Their Participation in the Production System: The 'Active' and 'Inactive' Populations in Late 19th-Century France". Population. 77 (1): 113–136.