Treaty of Jeddah (2023)

For earlier Treaties of Jeddah, see Treaty of Jeddah (1927), Treaty of Jeddah (1974), and Treaty of Jeddah (2000).
Treaty of Jeddah
معاهدة جدة
Jeddah Declaration of Commitment to Protect the Civilians of Sudan: the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces Agreement on a Short-Term Ceasefire and Humanitarian Arrangements.[1][2]
Location of Saudi Arabia and Sudan on a world map
TypePeace treaty
Signed20 May 2023 (violated)
LocationJeddah, Saudi Arabia
Sealed21 May 2023
Effective22 May 2023[3]
Expiry
  • 23 May 2023 (Warring sides restart large clashes across Sudan)
  • 27 May 2023 (Official expiration date on the agreement)
Signatories
  •  United States
  •  Sudan
  •  Saudi Arabia
Languages2: Arabic and English
Full text
Treaty of Jeddah (2023) at Wikisource
  • The United States and Saudi Arabia suspended the agreement fully on 1 June 2023 after several violations, failed agreements, and ceasefires.
  • Due to violations, The U.S. imposes sanctions on Sudan's warring sides.
  • Talks resumed on 7 June 2023

The Treaty of Jeddah (initially known as the Jeddah Agreement) or Jeddah Declaration[1][2] is an international agreement that was made to make peace in Sudan. The Treaty of Jeddah, which was signed by the United States, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan and representatives of both warring sides on 20 May 2023,[3] entered into force 48 hours later on 22 May 2023. The agreement was intended to facilitate a week-long ceasefire and the distribution of humanitarian aid within the country. The agreement expired suddenly after a surge of clashes on 23 May 2023, a day after the agreement came into effect. With the actual date of expiry being 27 May 2023, the nations agreed on an extension for five days but was shortened due to the agreement's ineffectiveness.

  1. ^ a b African Affairs, Bureau of (11 May 2023). "Jeddah Declaration of Commitment to Protect the Civilians of Sudan". US State GOV.
  2. ^ a b Spokesperson, Office of the (20 May 2023). "Agreement on a Short-Term Ceasefire and Humanitarian Arrangements in Sudan". US State GOV.
  3. ^ a b Abdelaziz, Khalid; Nureldin, Mohamed (21 May 2023). "Sudan ceasefire deal raises hopes for relief in Khartoum". Reuters. Retrieved 3 June 2023.