Triptane

Triptane
Skeletal formula of triptane	Ball-and-Stick model of triptane
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 2,2,3-Trimethylbutane
Identifiers
CAS Number	464-06-2 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	1730756
ChemSpider	9649 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.680
EC Number	207-346-3;
PubChem CID	10044;
UNII	40V943JDGR ;
UN number	1206
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7060047 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H16/c1-6(2)7(3,4)5/h6H,1-5H3 Key: ZISSAWUMDACLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	SMILES CC(C)C(C)(C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H16
Molar mass	100.205 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Odor	Odorless
Density	0.693 g mL−1
Melting point	−26 to −24 °C; −15 to −11 °F; 247 to 249 K
Boiling point	80.8 to 81.2 °C; 177.3 to 178.1 °F; 353.9 to 354.3 K
Vapor pressure	23.2286 kPa (at 37.7 °C)
Henry's law; constant (kH)	4.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-88.36·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.389
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	213.51 J K−1 mol−1
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	292.25 J K−1 mol−1
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	−238.0 – −235.8 kJ mol−1
Std enthalpy of; combustion (ΔcH⦵298)	−4.80449 – −4.80349 MJ mol−1
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225, H302, H305, H315, H336, H400
Precautionary statements	P210, P261, P273, P301+P310, P331
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 3 0
Flash point	−7 °C (19 °F; 266 K)
Autoignition; temperature	450 °C (842 °F; 723 K)
Explosive limits	1–7%
Related compounds
Related alkanes	Neopentane; 2,2-Dimethylbutane; 2,3-Dimethylbutane; Tetramethylbutane; Tetraethylmethane; 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane; 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane; 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane; Tetra-tert-butylmethane;
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Triptane, or 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C₇H₁₆ or (H₃C-)₃C-C(-CH₃)₂H. It is therefore an alkane, specifically the most compact and heavily branched of the heptane isomers, the only one with a butane (C₄) backbone.

Due to its high octane rating (112.8 RON, 101.3 MON^[2]) triptane has been produced on alkylation units since 1943^[3] for use as an anti-knock additive in gasoline.

^ "Triptan - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 11 March 2012.
^ Nash, Connor P.; Dupuis, Daniel P.; Kumar, Anurag; Farberow, Carrie A.; To, Anh T.; Yang, Ce; Wegener, Evan C.; Miller, Jeffrey T.; Unocic, Kinga A.; Christensen, Earl; Hensley, Jesse E.; Schaidle, Joshua A.; Habas, Susan E.; Ruddy, Daniel A. (2022-02-01). "Catalyst design to direct high-octane gasoline fuel properties for improved engine efficiency". Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 301: 120801. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120801. ISSN 0926-3373.
^ stason.org, Stas Bekman: stas (at). "10.1 The myth of Triptane". stason.org. Retrieved 2024-11-16.

[1] "Triptan - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 11 March 2012.

[2] Nash, Connor P.; Dupuis, Daniel P.; Kumar, Anurag; Farberow, Carrie A.; To, Anh T.; Yang, Ce; Wegener, Evan C.; Miller, Jeffrey T.; Unocic, Kinga A.; Christensen, Earl; Hensley, Jesse E.; Schaidle, Joshua A.; Habas, Susan E.; Ruddy, Daniel A. (2022-02-01). "Catalyst design to direct high-octane gasoline fuel properties for improved engine efficiency". Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 301: 120801. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120801. ISSN 0926-3373.

[3] stason.org, Stas Bekman: stas (at). "10.1 The myth of Triptane". stason.org. Retrieved 2024-11-16.

[1]

[2]

[3]