The Bibliotheca Ulpia ("Ulpian Library") was a Roman library founded by the Emperor Trajan in AD 114 in the Forum of Trajan, located in ancient Rome. It was considered one of the most prominent and famous libraries of antiquity[1] and became a major library in the Western World upon the destruction of the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century.[2] It is the only Roman library known to have survived until the Fall of Rome in the mid-fifth century.[3]