Statistics on unemployment in India had traditionally been collected, compiled and disseminated once every ten years by the Ministry of Labour and Employment (MLE), primarily from sample studies conducted by the National Sample Survey Office.[1][2] Other than these 5-year sample studies, India had historically not collected monthly, quarterly or yearly nationwide employment and unemployment statistics on a routine basis. In 2016, the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, a non-governmental entity based in Mumbai, started sampling and publishing monthly unemployment in India statistics.[3][4] Despite having one of the longest working hours, India has one of the lowest workforce productivity levels in the world.[5][6][7][8][9] Economists often say that due to structural economic problems, India is experiencing jobless economic growth.[10][11][12][13][14][15]
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^Cite error: The named reference vyas2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Vyas, Mahesh (2018). "Using Fast Frequency Household Survey Data to Estimate the Impact of Demonetisation on Employment". Review of Market Integration. 10 (3). PAGE Publications: 159–183. doi:10.1177/0974929218816586. S2CID158873708.
^Dougherty, S., R. Herd and T. Chalaux (2009), "What is holding back productivity growth in India ?: Recent microevidence", OECD Journal: Economic Studies, vol. 2009/1, doi:10.1787/eco_studies-v2009-art3-en.
^Sapovadia, Vrajlal K., Low Productivity: India’s Bottleneck of Growth (May 21, 2019). Available at SSRN: SSRN3391621 or doi:10.2139/ssrn.3391621
^Bloom, Nicholas, Aprajit Mahajan, David McKenzie, and John Roberts. 2010. "Why Do Firms in Developing Countries Have Low Productivity?" American Economic Review, 100 (2): 619–23. doi:10.1257/aer.100.2.619
^Sivadasan, Jagadeesh. "Barriers to Competition and Productivity: Evidence from India" The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, vol. 9, no. 1, 2009. doi:10.2202/1935-1682.2161
^Goldar, B., Krishna, K.L., Aggarwal, S.C. et al. Productivity growth in India since the 1980s: the KLEMS approach. Ind. Econ. Rev. 52, 37–71 (2017). doi:10.1007/s41775-017-0002-y
^Nicholas Vasilakos, Alkis Theonas Pitelis, Nick Horsewood & Christos Pitelis. (2023) Place-based public investment in regional infrastructure, the locational choice of firms and regional performance: the case of India. Regional Studies 57:6, pages 1055-1068. doi:10.1080/13547860.2013.827462
^Kannan, K. P., and G. Raveendran. “Growth Sans Employment: A Quarter Century of Jobless Growth in India’s Organised Manufacturing.” Economic and Political Weekly 44, no. 10 (2009): 80–91. JSTOR40278784.
^Abubakar, J., Nurudeen, I. Economic Growth in India, Is It a Jobless Growth? An Empirical Examination Using Okun’s Law. Ind. J. Labour Econ. 62, 307–317 (2019). doi:10.1007/s41027-019-00165-w
^Roy Choudhury, P., Chatterjee, B. Analyzing “jobless growth” in post-liberalisation India: a decomposition approach. Ind. J. Labour Econ. 58, 577–608 (2015). doi:10.1007/s41027-016-0037-0
^Marwha, Amita, Jobless Growth in India's Service Sector: A Descriptive Study (February 21, 2016). Available at SSRN2735644 or doi:10.2139/ssrn.2735644
^Das, R. C. (2021). Sectoral Compositions of Output and Employment in India: Are We Moving Towards Jobless, Job-loss or Job-enabled Growth? Review of Market Integration, 13(2-3), 98-123. doi:10.1177/09749292221084016