Universal Periodic Review

The Universal Periodic Review (UPR) is a mechanism of the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council (HRC) that emerged from the 2005 UN reform process.[1] Commonly referred to as the UPR, it was established by General Assembly resolution 60/251 of 3 April 2006, the UPR periodically examines the human rights performance of all 193 UN Member States.[2] It is intended to complement, not duplicate, the work of other human rights mechanisms, including the UN human rights treaty bodies. This is the first international human rights mechanism to address all countries and all human rights. The Working Group on the UPR, which is composed of the HRC's 47 Member States and chaired by the HRC President, conducts country reviews.

  1. ^ ‘In larger freedom: towards development, security and human rights for all’, Report of the Secretary-General (A/59/2005), 21 March 2005; World Summit Outcome, General Assembly resolution 60/1, 24 October 2005.
  2. ^ Cowell, Frederick (2022), Kammerhofer, Jörg; Arajärvi, Noora; Merkouris, Panos (eds.), "Identifying Custom in Universal Periodic Review Recommendations", The Theory, Practice, and Interpretation of Customary International Law, Cambridge University Press, pp. 320–344, doi:10.1017/9781009025416.016, ISBN 978-1-316-51689-8